WO2002061657A1 - Truck cargo management using rfid tags and interrogators - Google Patents
Truck cargo management using rfid tags and interrogators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002061657A1 WO2002061657A1 PCT/US2002/002989 US0202989W WO02061657A1 WO 2002061657 A1 WO2002061657 A1 WO 2002061657A1 US 0202989 W US0202989 W US 0202989W WO 02061657 A1 WO02061657 A1 WO 02061657A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cargo
- vehicle
- delivery
- location
- space
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
- G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
- G08B13/2417—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags having a radio frequency identification chip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
- G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2451—Specific applications combined with EAS
- G08B13/2462—Asset location systems combined with EAS
Definitions
- This invention pertains to equipment and procedures for management of cargo movement into and out of the cargo space of a cargo transport vehicle. More, particularly, it pertains to equipment and procedures for accurately handling, and monitoring and recording the handling, of cargo units each of which carries an RFID tag by which the units are individually identified.
- the remote location can be a central dispatch and control station from which the operation of a fleet of trucks is directed and managed.
- the information supplied to such a central station can include information about individual truck location and status. Status information can include data describing whether the truck is stationary or moving and, if moving, in what direction at what speed.
- information supplied from a truck to a central station can be information reporting the delivery of a specific item at a particular location; information descriptive of a specific item can be obtained by scanning an optical bar code on the item and converting that data into an electronic digital form suitable for transmission by radio or other wireless communication system.
- Trailers of heavy duty trucks, as well as other kinds of trucks, are increasingly instrumented to sense, monitor and report on various conditions.
- Those conditions can include brake system state or condition (especially for ABS - automatic braking system - components)and cargo space conditions such as temperature and humidity.
- PLC power line communication
- Information so recorded can be stored for analysis when the truck reaches its destination or a fleet terminal; that information can be transmitted by a wireless communication system to a central dispatch station, if desired, either on command by the driver or on interrogation of the truck from the central station.
- RFID tags can be passive or active. RFID tags can be defined to incorporate desired identification data before they are applied, as by self-adhesive means, to products or packages. RFID tags can be wirelessly interrogated by suitable radio frequency transceivers which, depending upon the nature of the tags and the transceivers, can be more or less spaced from each other. Applications for RFID tags include inventory control, anti- theft purposes, article location, among many other applications.
- This invention addresses the need identified above. It does so by combining features, functions and benefits of RFID tags and systems with telemetry and communications systems now available to and used by truck operators, notably operators of truck fleets.
- This invention provides simple, effective and efficient equipment and procedures by which incipient misdelivery of a parcel by a trucking service can be detected and corrected before it becomes an actual misdelivery. For the most part, the different components of the equipment are commercially available and have established reliability.
- apparatus in the context of a cargo delivery vehicle having a cargo space accessible via a closable door.
- apparatus includes a door closure sensor which is operative to produce a signal indicative of closure of the door.
- a RFID tag interrogator transceiver is operative to interrogate, and receive data responses from, RFID tags which may be present on individual units of cargo in the cargo space.
- a data processor has a memory and is operative to receive and record data responses from the RFID interrogator transceiver.
- this invention provides a method for handling the movement of units of cargo into and out of the cargo space of a cargo delivery vehicle; individual cargo units carry
- the method includes the step of creating, at an origin location of the vehicle, and at each subsequent delivery location of the vehicle following removal and addition of cargo units from and to the cargo space at the delivery location, an inventory of cargo units in the space. Further, by ⁇ ⁇ reading of the tags on cargo units in the space at each delivery location, the method includes the further steps of comparing the inventory created at that location with the last-preceding inventory, identifying differences between the compared inventories, and alerting the vehicle operator in the event that identified differences do not match a listing of cargo units scheduled for delivery at that location.
- Another procedural aspect of this invention provides a method for handling the movement of units of cargo into and out of the cargo space of a cargo delivery vehicle, individual cargo units carrying a RFID tag embodying data identifying its unit.
- the method includes the step of creating a delivery schedule comprising a list of the
- ⁇ - performed at each delivery location of the vehicle are reading of the RFID tags, and creating an adjusted inventory reflective of the removal of cargo units from the cargo space and of the addition of cargo units to the space. Also, at each delivery location, the method includes the further steps of comparing the adjusted inventory and the delivery schedule list, and creating a location report identifying each cargo unit then in the space which is listed for delivery at
- Fig. 1 is a schematic depiction of the nature and interrelation of structures and devices useful to implement and enable practice of the structural and procedural aspects of the invention.
- a cargo space 10 of a cargo delivery vehicle, and an operator station 12 of the vehicle, are represented in the drawing.
- the delivery vehicle can be and preferably is a truck which can be of the single chassis kind or the multiple chassis kind. If the vehicle is of the multiple chassis kind, the cargo space is defined within a trailer to which a tractor is removably connectible in a known manner; the operator station is in the tractor in that instance.
- heavy duty truck tractors and truck trailers are mechanically and electrically interchangeably interconnectible to each other. Electrical interconnections between a truck tractor and trailer, or between trailers in a multiple trailer arrangement, are established by multiple conductor cables connectible between the tractor and a trailer, e.g., by use of standardized electromechanical connectors. Standardization of the mechanical and electromechanical connectors of truck tractors and trailers enables any tractor to effectively connect to any trailer in North America, as well as elsewhere. Electrical connections between heavy duty truck tractors and trailers achieve standardization by compliance with SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) Standard J560, first established in January 1951 and last revised in June 1993.
- SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
- each of those conductors has its own individual connection to the tractor or trailer through connectors conforming to SAE J560.
- those seven conductors have different functions assigned to them pursuant to SAEJ 560.
- One of those conductors is a ground conductor and the others are electrical power conductors associated with defined circuits and electrical functions in the trailer.
- cargo space 10 is accessible via a closable door. Through that door individual cargo units 14 are placed into the cargo space or removed from the cargo space.
- the cargo units can be individual packages or parcels, or they can include pallets carrying one or more articles.
- each cargo unit 14 carry on its exterior a RFID tag 15.
- Each RFID tag 15 embodies data which individually identifies the cargo unit by which it is carried.
- the tags can be applied to the cargo units in any suitable manner, such as self- adhesively. RFID tags can be passive or active.
- an RFID tag uses energy transmitted to it by a suitable transceiver to transmit the data embodied in the tag back to the transceiver. If the tag is active, it includes a small battery adequate to enable the tag to send to the transceiver data embodied in the tag in response to receipt by the tag of a command from the transceiver.
- Transceivers effective to simultaneously query and receive responses from many RFID tags, passive or active, are known.
- Cargo space 10 includes, in association with the access door to the cargo space, a door state sensor 16.
- Door state sensor 16 is operative to generate a signal indicative of closure of the door. If desired, the door state sensor may also be operative to generate a signal, which can be different from the door closure signal, indicative of movement of the door from a closed to an open state. Signals generated by the door state sensor are applied to an RFID data transceiver 18 which has an antenna 19 located within the cargo space. Upon receipt of a signal from the door state sensor, transceiver 18 is operative to transmit within the cargo space radio frequency energy of a nature which causes RFID tags 15 on cargo units 14 within the cargo space to transmit data which identifies each of the cargo units.
- Cargo unit identifying data received by the transceiver is applied to a data processor and memory unit 20 which, as illustrated, preferably is located within or in close association to cargo space 10.
- Data received by data processor and memory unit 20 from the transceiver, in response to each tag interrogation operation of the transceiver, is processed by unit 20 and placed into its memory as an inventory of the cargo units in the cargo space.
- the memory of data processor and memory unit 20 has sufficient capacity to store plural inventories. The inventories stored in the memory of unit 20 can be recalled from memory, either individually or in the order in which they were created and placed in memory.
- cargo space 10 preferably has associated with it a position detector 22, such as a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver which, via an external antenna 23, receives from GPS satellites information by which position detector 22 can determine the geographic position of the cargo space.
- Position identifying information is supplied from detector 22 to data processor and memory unit 20, where it can be placed in memory.
- Position detector 22 can be operated each time RFID data transceiver 18 is operated to interrogate RFID tags within the cargo space, and position indicating data can be recorded in memory in association with each inventory data set recorded in memory.
- Cargo space 10 also has associated with it, in the preferred practice of this invention,
- Transmitter 25 can share antenna 23 with position detector 22.
- the transmitter is operative to transmit from the cargo space to a central control location 28, such as a fleet dispatch center, selected information acquired by the transmitter from data processor and memory unit 20 and descriptive of the cargo units in the cargo space at that time, or at desired earlier times, and also data identifying the geographical position of the
- Transmitter 25 also can receive commands from central control location 28, such as commands calling for the transmitter to report selected information from the memory of unit 20 as may be desired by the central control location.
- Operator station 12 of the vehicle preferably includes a data display device 30, a data
- the data display and data entry devices and the alarm may be hard wired to unit 20 in the instance where operator station 12 and cargo space 10 are mounted on the same vehicle chassis. However, if the operator station is within a heavy duty truck tractor, the coupling
- the trailer 15 of a tractor-trailer combination includes the multiple conductor cable between the tractor and trailer.
- the cargo space is defined within a truck trailer, which is separable from a tractor, it is preferred that the trailer includes a battery powered uninterruptable power supply for providing electrical power for system components 16, 18, 20, 22 and 25 during those
- transmitter 25 can respond to inquiries
- central control location 28 about the location of the vehicle or trailer.
- the availability of electrical power on a continuous basis to the cargo space system components enables the central control location to determine which cargo units are within the cargo space at times when power is not available to the cargo space from the tractor engine.
- Data display device 30 can be either or both of a display screen or a printer.
- Data entry device 32 can be of a kind compatible with the data medium used to provide information to data processor and memory unit 20.
- data entry device 32 can include any one or more of conventional computer data entry devices such as a CD reader, a diskette
- Alarm 34 can provide either audible or visual, or both audible and visual notification to the vehicle operator that an event has occurred requiring attention to information provided to the operator by data display device 30.
- the procedural aspects of this invention can be understood by assuming that the vehicle is operated by a delivery service from a base (or trip origin) location. Cargo units to
- a delivery schedule can be created; the delivery schedule can include a list of the cargo units which are to be removed
- the information constituting the delivery schedule can be recorded by the delivery service operator on suitable passive data storage media, such as a CD ROM, a computer diskette, or magnetic tape cassette, and given to the vehicle operator.
- suitable passive data storage media such as a CD ROM, a computer diskette, or magnetic tape cassette
- transceiver 18 interrogates and receives cargo unit identifying information from the RFID tags carried by each of the cargo units in the cargo
- the vehicle operator may, at the same time, receive from the delivery service customer additional packages or cargo units, each bearing its own RFID tag, which are to be delivered by the delivery service to other destinations. The vehicle operator places those incoming cargo units in the cargo space. The access door is then closed. Closure of the access door results in the
- the data processing components of unit 20 then operate to compare the new inventory with the initial inventory and to identify differences between the compared inventories. As a consequence of that inventory comparison, the data processor can create a difference report
- the different report to fail to match the listing on the delivery schedule for that delivery location can be made known to the vehicle operator via data display device 30. Equipped with that specific information, it is easy for the vehicle operator to rectify the misdelivery situation. Rectification of a misdelivery situation will require that the access door to the cargo space be reopened. Once the vehicle operator has completed his activities to correct a
- misdelivery situation the access door is closed, a new inventory of cargo units in the cargo space is created in the memory of unit 20, and that inventory can be compared to the last preceding inventory. If the misdelivery situation has in fact been corrected, there will be no mismatch between the resulting difference report and the delivery schedule listing for that
- the delivery vehicle may then proceed to its next delivery location.
- RFID tags can be either passive or active. Active RFID tags
- Sensor-equipped active RFID tags can be used to monitor and report on conditions experienced by the tag.
- An accelerometer can measure the vibration or shock levels experienced by the tag and, by extension, the cargo unit to which it is attached.
- a memory in the tag can capture the peak acceleration or shock level experienced by the tag. If the cargo unit arrives at its intended location in a damaged condition, an examination of this peak shock level can be used to determine if the damage was the fault of the shipping agent or the shipper or the receiver.
- Temperature sensors are particularly useful on temperature
- transceiver is operated, and then supplied by the transceiver to the memory of unit 20 as an adjunct to each inventory created in memory in response to operation of the transceiver.
- Such information can be downloaded from the memory either by command from the central control location 28, either at any time during the course of a delivery sequence or upon
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/470,289 US20040069850A1 (en) | 2002-01-31 | 2002-01-31 | Truck cargo management rfid tags and interrogators |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US26537201P | 2001-01-31 | 2001-01-31 | |
US60/265,372 | 2001-01-31 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002061657A1 true WO2002061657A1 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/US2002/002989 WO2002061657A1 (en) | 2001-01-31 | 2002-01-31 | Truck cargo management using rfid tags and interrogators |
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Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1467305A2 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-10-13 | Sony Corporation | Vehicle-mounted apparatus and method for outputting information about articles in vehicle |
EP1521198A2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-06 | Hitachi, Ltd. | System for inventory management, ordering and order management |
WO2005093627A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-10-06 | The Boeing Company | Network-centric cargo security system |
EP1678692A1 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2006-07-12 | Intelagents, Inc. | System and method for monitoring and detecting a security threat |
WO2006080976A2 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-08-03 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Rfid reader management system and method |
WO2007022802A1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-03-01 | Aida Centre, S.L. | Method and installation to monitor the content of a storage area |
WO2007038348A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-04-05 | Adtech Rfid, Inc. | A reliable dock-door system using radio frequency identification interrogators |
WO2007110461A1 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-04 | El Club De Inventores Españoles | Method for ensuring product traceability and a security module stamp to be used therein |
WO2009071748A1 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-11 | Controlmatic Oy Ltd. | A device, method and system for forwarding data from rfid devices |
EP1734471A3 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2010-11-03 | Tamtron Oy | Method and arrangement for using RFID means in connection with transport means, and RFID arrangement for use in the method |
CN101213030B (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2011-07-06 | 美国联合包裹服务公司 | Mail sorting systems and methods |
US8120463B2 (en) | 2007-01-04 | 2012-02-21 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | RFID protocol for improved tag-reader communications integrity |
DE102010037537A1 (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-15 | Friedrich Birgels | Method for controlling loading of vehicle, involves electronically recording vehicle equipment data by matching present load list with result output from electronic unit |
EP2667324A2 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-27 | Fujitsu Limited | Management device and management method |
CN103559598A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-02-05 | 山东高速物流集团有限公司 | Standardization logistics field station internet of things |
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2002
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US4636950A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1987-01-13 | Caswell Robert L | Inventory management system using transponders associated with specific products |
US4688244A (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1987-08-18 | Marwan Hannon | Integrated cargo security system |
US5051565A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-09-24 | Johnson Service Company | Baggage and passenger matching method and system |
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Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1467305A3 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2007-11-07 | Sony Corporation | Vehicle-mounted apparatus and method for outputting information about articles in vehicle |
EP1467305A2 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2004-10-13 | Sony Corporation | Vehicle-mounted apparatus and method for outputting information about articles in vehicle |
EP1678692A1 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2006-07-12 | Intelagents, Inc. | System and method for monitoring and detecting a security threat |
EP1678692A4 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2008-03-12 | Intelagents Inc | System and method for monitoring and detecting a security threat |
EP1521198A2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-06 | Hitachi, Ltd. | System for inventory management, ordering and order management |
EP1521198A3 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2007-03-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | System for inventory management, ordering and order management |
WO2005093627A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-10-06 | The Boeing Company | Network-centric cargo security system |
US8620832B2 (en) | 2004-03-02 | 2013-12-31 | The Boeing Company | Network-centric cargo security system |
WO2006080976A3 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-11-02 | Symbol Technologies Inc | Rfid reader management system and method |
WO2006080976A2 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-08-03 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Rfid reader management system and method |
US8253539B2 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2012-08-28 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Rfid reader management system and method |
EP1734471A3 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2010-11-03 | Tamtron Oy | Method and arrangement for using RFID means in connection with transport means, and RFID arrangement for use in the method |
CN101213030B (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2011-07-06 | 美国联合包裹服务公司 | Mail sorting systems and methods |
WO2007022802A1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-03-01 | Aida Centre, S.L. | Method and installation to monitor the content of a storage area |
ES2285905A1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-11-16 | Aida Centre, S.L. | Method and installation to monitor the content of a storage area |
WO2007038348A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-04-05 | Adtech Rfid, Inc. | A reliable dock-door system using radio frequency identification interrogators |
WO2007110461A1 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-04 | El Club De Inventores Españoles | Method for ensuring product traceability and a security module stamp to be used therein |
US8120463B2 (en) | 2007-01-04 | 2012-02-21 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | RFID protocol for improved tag-reader communications integrity |
WO2009071748A1 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-11 | Controlmatic Oy Ltd. | A device, method and system for forwarding data from rfid devices |
DE102010037537A1 (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-15 | Friedrich Birgels | Method for controlling loading of vehicle, involves electronically recording vehicle equipment data by matching present load list with result output from electronic unit |
EP2667324A2 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-27 | Fujitsu Limited | Management device and management method |
EP2667324A3 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2014-09-03 | Fujitsu Limited | Management device and management method |
CN103559598A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-02-05 | 山东高速物流集团有限公司 | Standardization logistics field station internet of things |
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