WO2002043656A2 - Water-in-oil insect repellent composition and method of application to the skin - Google Patents

Water-in-oil insect repellent composition and method of application to the skin Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002043656A2
WO2002043656A2 PCT/US2001/043375 US0143375W WO0243656A2 WO 2002043656 A2 WO2002043656 A2 WO 2002043656A2 US 0143375 W US0143375 W US 0143375W WO 0243656 A2 WO0243656 A2 WO 0243656A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
insect repellent
oil
total weight
emulsifying agent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/043375
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2002043656A3 (en
Inventor
Robert E. Kalafsky
Andrew H. Pechko
Original Assignee
Avon Products, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avon Products, Inc. filed Critical Avon Products, Inc.
Priority to AU2002219804A priority Critical patent/AU2002219804A1/en
Publication of WO2002043656A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002043656A2/en
Publication of WO2002043656A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002043656A3/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/24Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/33Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
    • A61K8/34Alcohols
    • A61K8/345Alcohols containing more than one hydroxy group
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/42Amides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/44Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/49Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K8/4906Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • A61K8/4926Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom having six membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/92Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
    • A61K8/922Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61QSPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q17/00Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
    • A61Q17/02Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings containing insect repellants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61QSPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q17/00Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
    • A61Q17/04Topical preparations for affording protection against sunlight or other radiation; Topical sun tanning preparations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an insect repellent composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to an insect repellent water- in-oil emulsion that imparts repellency to the skin immediately or soon after application.
  • Insect repellent compositions are available commercially in a variety of product forms, such as aerosol and pump sprays, creams, gels and lotions.
  • the compositions may be administered in preparation for a variety of outdoor activities, such as picnicking, fishing, hiking and exercise.
  • the compositions may be administered to clothing, as well as to skin.
  • a common problem associated with insect repellent oil-in-water emulsions is a delay in the onset of repellency after application to the skin. This delay is related to the time required for breaking of the internal oil phase of the repellent emulsion. Consequently, consumers can experience the onset of insect exposure due to this time delay.
  • Current insect repellent compositions frequently have a high water content because they are formulated as oil-in-water emulsions. Most insect repellent actives are water insoluble and must be dispersed within the oil phase of the emulsion. Since the oil phase in an oil-in-water emulsion is the internal phase rather than the external or continuous phase, the emulsion must break before the insect repellent active will be available to form a protective film to effect repellency.
  • Insect repellent compositions taking the form of oil-in-water emulsions are well known in the art.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,916,541 to Stewart provides emulsions having an insect repellent, a sunscreen agent and a film former.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,980,871 to Lukenbach et al. provides emulsions having an insect repellent agent, an inorganic sunscreen agent, and an anionic emulsifier.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,989,529 to Kaplan provides emulsions having a block polymer substantive agent, a sunscreen agent and, optionally, an insect repellent.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,030,629 to Hansenne provides cosmetic compositions in emulsion form having certain sunscreen agents, vehicles and, optionally, insect repellent agents.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,039,516 to Goodman et al. provides emulsions having a sunscreen agent, a 2-hydroxyethyl homopolymer and, optionally, an insect repellent.
  • the method includes applying to the skin the composition described above.
  • an insect repellent composition that is a water-in-oil emulsion having an internal aqueous phase and an external oil phase.
  • the composition also has an amount of an insect repellent active effective to repel insects when the composition is applied to the skin.
  • the insect repellent active is substantially present in the external oil phase. The presence of the insect repellent active in the external phase permits the insect repellent active to provide a protective repellent film on the skin immediately or soon after application.
  • an effective insect repellent composition could be formulated as a water-in-oil emulsion to impart repellency to the skin immediately or soon after application. Further, the composition can be formulated so as not to impart an unpleasant feel or sensation to the skin.
  • the present composition imparts immediate or contemporaneous repellency to the skin due to its water-in-oil emulsion form.
  • the present invention is not limited by any particular time of onset of repellency, the present composition imparts repellency to the skin faster than repellent compositions that have oil-in-water emulsion form.
  • the present composition takes the form of a water- in-oil emulsion.
  • the composition has about 5 weight percent (wt.%) to about 60 wt.%, and preferably about 15 wt.% to about 50 wt.%, of the internal water phase based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the composition has about 40 wt.% to about 95 wt.%, and preferably about 50 wt.% to about 85 wt.%, of the external oil phase based on the total weight of the composition.
  • Non-ionic emulsifying agents are stearate polymers and their derivatives.
  • a more preferred group of stearate polymers comprise polyhydroxystearates, polyhydroxydistearates, polyhydroxyisostearates, polyhydroxydiisostearates, polyglyceryl stearates, polyglyceryl distearates, polyglycerylisostearates, plyglyceryldiisostearates, and their derivatives.
  • a most preferred non-ionic emulsifying agent is PEG 30 (di)polyhydroxystearate sold by Uniqema, Inc. under the tradename Arlacel P135.
  • insect repellent composition as a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein the insect repellent active can be present in the external, continuous phase of the emulsion.
  • insect repellent active becomes immediately available upon application of the composition to the skin without the typical delay associated with other insect repellent emulsion products.
  • the nonionic emulsifying agent is present in the composition from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% and preferably from about 1.0 to about 7 wt% based upon the total weight of the composition.
  • the present composition may include useful vehicles that are known in the art.
  • useful vehicles include, but are not limited to, water; vegetable oils; esters such as octyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate and isopropyl palmitate; ethers such as dicapryl ether and dimethyl isosorbide; alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol; fatty alcohols such as cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol; isoparaffins such as isooctane, isododecane and isohexadecane; silicone oils such as dimethicones and polysiloxanes; hydrocarbon oils such as mineral oil, petrolatum, isoeicosane and polyisobutene; polyols such as propylene glycol, glycerin, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol and hexylene glycol; and mixtures of the foregoing.
  • the polyols are preferably present in the
  • composition can be made into any suitable product form.
  • product forms include, but are not limited to, a cream, lotion, patch, and aerosol or pump spray.
  • the insect repellent active employed in the present composition may be any oil-soluble active known in the art.
  • Such actives include, but are not limited to, N,N diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (IR3535 by Merck Co.), hydroxyethyl isobutyl piperidine carboxylate (1-piperidine carboxylic acid) (Bayer KBR 3023), oil of citronella, soy bean oil, lemon grass oil, geranium/geraniol oil, other natural essential oils, p-menthane-3,8-diol, or any mixtures thereof.
  • Other useful actives are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,130,136 and 5,698,209, which patents are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Preferred insect repellent actives are DEET, IR3535, p-menthane-3,8-diol and oil of citronella.
  • the insect repellent active is present at about 0.01 wt.% to about 70 wt.%, preferably about 0.1 wt.% to about 50 wt.%, and most preferably about 0.5 wt% to about 30 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the present composition may further comprise one or more sunscreen actives.
  • sunscreen actives that can be used include those for UVA and UVB protection (290 to 400 nanometer solar radiation).
  • the sunscreen active may be any organic or inorganic compound known in the art such as oxybenzone, sulisobenzone, dioxybenzone, menthyl anthranilate, para aminobenzoic acid (PABA), octyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene, drometrizole trisiloxane, octyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate, octyl dimethyl PABA, TEA salicylate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, butylmethoxy dibenzoylmethane (avobenzone), 4-methyl benzilidene camphor, octyl triazone, terephthalydiene dicamphor sulfonic acid, ethyl PABA, hydroxy methylphenyl benzotriazo
  • sunscreen actives can range from 1.0 wt.% to 50 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the present composition can be formulated to deliver from about 2 to about 70 SPF in sunscreen protection.
  • the composition may have a film former to improve water, sweat and wear resistance.
  • the film former leaves a protective film on the surface of the skin either immediately or upon evaporation of volatiles in the composition.
  • the film former can also enhance the spread characteristics of the composition, which allows the composition to be more uniformly and consistently applied to the skin. Further, the film former can help maintain the insect repellent active at the surface of the skin for a longer period of time than it would otherwise remain without the film former. Still further, the film former affords controlled release of the insect repellent active. This amount of film former ranges from about 0.1 wt% to about 20 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
  • Film-formers that can be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, one or more acrylate copolymers such as acrylate/octylacrylamide copolymers and acrylate/vinyl acetate copolymers; cellulosic polymers such as methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose; ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer; polyacrylic acid; Ci to C 5 alkyl galactomannan; isododecane/ethylene mixed copolymer; adipic acid/diethylene glycol/glycerin crosspolymer; trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid copolymer; trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid/isononanoic acid; PVP/hexadecene copolymer (e.g., Ganex V-216); PVP/eicosene copolymer (e.g., Ganex V-220); alpha olefin/is
  • the polyurethane resins include PoIyurethane-1 , Polyurethane-2, Polyurethane-4, Polyurethane-5, and mixtures thereof. These polyurethane resins are described in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 8 th edition, Printed Edition Pages
  • Additional film formers include those set forth in U.S. Patent No. 5,916,541 , which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the present composition may include one or more of the following additional ingredients: anesthetics, anti-allergenics, antifungals, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, antiseptics, chelating agents, colorants, depigmenting agents, emollients, exfollients, fragrances, humectants, lubricants, moisturizers, pharmaceutical agents, preservatives, skin protectants, skin penetration enhancers, stabilizers, surfactants, thickeners, viscosity modifiers, and vitamins.
  • anesthetics anesthetics, anti-allergenics, antifungals, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, antiseptics, chelating agents, colorants, depigmenting agents, emollients, exfollients, fragrances, humectants, lubricants, moisturizers, pharmaceutical agents, preservatives, skin protectants, skin penetration enhancers, stabilizers, surfactants, thickeners, viscosity modifier
  • compositions of the present invention were prepared by admixing the ingredients set forth below. The ingredients were admixed within their corresponding phases, which were then admixed to form the compositions.

Abstract

The present invention is an insect repellent water-in-oil emulsion having an internal aqueous phase and an external oil phase. It also has an amount of an insect repellent active effective to repel insects when the composition is applied to the skin. The insect repellent active is substantially present in the oil phase. Also disclosed is a method of repelling insects from the skin by applying to the skin the above composition.

Description

WATER-IN-OIL INSECT REPELLENT COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF APPLICATION TO THE SKIN
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an insect repellent composition. More particularly, the present invention relates to an insect repellent water- in-oil emulsion that imparts repellency to the skin immediately or soon after application.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Insect repellent compositions are available commercially in a variety of product forms, such as aerosol and pump sprays, creams, gels and lotions. The compositions may be administered in preparation for a variety of outdoor activities, such as picnicking, fishing, hiking and exercise. Depending upon the product form, the compositions may be administered to clothing, as well as to skin.
A common problem associated with insect repellent oil-in-water emulsions is a delay in the onset of repellency after application to the skin. This delay is related to the time required for breaking of the internal oil phase of the repellent emulsion. Consequently, consumers can experience the onset of insect exposure due to this time delay. Current insect repellent compositions frequently have a high water content because they are formulated as oil-in-water emulsions. Most insect repellent actives are water insoluble and must be dispersed within the oil phase of the emulsion. Since the oil phase in an oil-in-water emulsion is the internal phase rather than the external or continuous phase, the emulsion must break before the insect repellent active will be available to form a protective film to effect repellency.
Insect repellent compositions taking the form of oil-in-water emulsions are well known in the art. For example, U.S. Patent No. 5,916,541 to Stewart provides emulsions having an insect repellent, a sunscreen agent and a film former. Also, U.S. Patent No. 5,980,871 to Lukenbach et al. provides emulsions having an insect repellent agent, an inorganic sunscreen agent, and an anionic emulsifier.
U.S. Patent No. 5,989,529 to Kaplan provides emulsions having a block polymer substantive agent, a sunscreen agent and, optionally, an insect repellent. Also, U.S. Patent No. 6,030,629 to Hansenne provides cosmetic compositions in emulsion form having certain sunscreen agents, vehicles and, optionally, insect repellent agents. Further, U.S. Patent No. 5,039,516 to Goodman et al. provides emulsions having a sunscreen agent, a 2-hydroxyethyl homopolymer and, optionally, an insect repellent.
The prior art compositions set forth above are typical of those in the art. Basically, a time delay is observed in the onset of repellency after the composition is applied to the skin. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an insect repellent composition that imparts repellency to the skin immediately or soon after application.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide such a composition that exhibits water, sweat, and wear resistance.
It is another object of the present invention to provide such a composition that is a water-in-oil emulsion.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide such a composition that provides UV protection.
It is further an object of the present invention, to provide a method of repelling insects from the skin. The method includes applying to the skin the composition described above.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention are achieved by an insect repellent composition that is a water-in-oil emulsion having an internal aqueous phase and an external oil phase. The composition also has an amount of an insect repellent active effective to repel insects when the composition is applied to the skin. The insect repellent active is substantially present in the external oil phase. The presence of the insect repellent active in the external phase permits the insect repellent active to provide a protective repellent film on the skin immediately or soon after application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, it was found surprising that an effective insect repellent composition could be formulated as a water-in-oil emulsion to impart repellency to the skin immediately or soon after application. Further, the composition can be formulated so as not to impart an unpleasant feel or sensation to the skin.
The present composition imparts immediate or contemporaneous repellency to the skin due to its water-in-oil emulsion form. Although the present invention is not limited by any particular time of onset of repellency, the present composition imparts repellency to the skin faster than repellent compositions that have oil-in-water emulsion form.
As stated above, the present composition takes the form of a water- in-oil emulsion. The composition has about 5 weight percent (wt.%) to about 60 wt.%, and preferably about 15 wt.% to about 50 wt.%, of the internal water phase based on the total weight of the composition. The composition has about 40 wt.% to about 95 wt.%, and preferably about 50 wt.% to about 85 wt.%, of the external oil phase based on the total weight of the composition.
An important feature of the present invention is the use of a non- ionic emulsifying agent. Preferred non-ionic emulsifying agents are stearate polymers and their derivatives. A more preferred group of stearate polymers comprise polyhydroxystearates, polyhydroxydistearates, polyhydroxyisostearates, polyhydroxydiisostearates, polyglyceryl stearates, polyglyceryl distearates, polyglycerylisostearates, plyglyceryldiisostearates, and their derivatives. A most preferred non-ionic emulsifying agent is PEG 30 (di)polyhydroxystearate sold by Uniqema, Inc. under the tradename Arlacel P135. It was surprisingly discovered that the use of a non-ionic emulsifier enables the formulation of an insect repellent composition as a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein the insect repellent active can be present in the external, continuous phase of the emulsion. As a result, the insect repellent active becomes immediately available upon application of the composition to the skin without the typical delay associated with other insect repellent emulsion products.
The nonionic emulsifying agent is present in the composition from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% and preferably from about 1.0 to about 7 wt% based upon the total weight of the composition.
The present composition may include useful vehicles that are known in the art. Such vehicles include, but are not limited to, water; vegetable oils; esters such as octyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate and isopropyl palmitate; ethers such as dicapryl ether and dimethyl isosorbide; alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol; fatty alcohols such as cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and behenyl alcohol; isoparaffins such as isooctane, isododecane and isohexadecane; silicone oils such as dimethicones and polysiloxanes; hydrocarbon oils such as mineral oil, petrolatum, isoeicosane and polyisobutene; polyols such as propylene glycol, glycerin, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol and hexylene glycol; and mixtures of the foregoing. In particular, the polyols are preferably present in the external oil phase.
The composition can be made into any suitable product form. Such product forms include, but are not limited to, a cream, lotion, patch, and aerosol or pump spray.
The insect repellent active employed in the present composition may be any oil-soluble active known in the art. Such actives include, but are not limited to, N,N diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (IR3535 by Merck Co.), hydroxyethyl isobutyl piperidine carboxylate (1-piperidine carboxylic acid) (Bayer KBR 3023), oil of citronella, soy bean oil, lemon grass oil, geranium/geraniol oil, other natural essential oils, p-menthane-3,8-diol, or any mixtures thereof. Other useful actives are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,130,136 and 5,698,209, which patents are incorporated herein by reference. Preferred insect repellent actives are DEET, IR3535, p-menthane-3,8-diol and oil of citronella.
The insect repellent active is present at about 0.01 wt.% to about 70 wt.%, preferably about 0.1 wt.% to about 50 wt.%, and most preferably about 0.5 wt% to about 30 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
Optionally, the present composition may further comprise one or more sunscreen actives. Sunscreen actives that can be used include those for UVA and UVB protection (290 to 400 nanometer solar radiation). The sunscreen active may be any organic or inorganic compound known in the art such as oxybenzone, sulisobenzone, dioxybenzone, menthyl anthranilate, para aminobenzoic acid (PABA), octyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene, drometrizole trisiloxane, octyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate, octyl dimethyl PABA, TEA salicylate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, butylmethoxy dibenzoylmethane (avobenzone), 4-methyl benzilidene camphor, octyl triazone, terephthalydiene dicamphor sulfonic acid, ethyl PABA, hydroxy methylphenyl benzotriazole, methylene bis- benzotriazoyltetramethylbutylphenol, bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenol triazine, and mixtures of the foregoing. Other sunscreen actives that can be used include those disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,000,937, which is incorporated herein.
Typically, sunscreen actives can range from 1.0 wt.% to 50 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition. The present composition can be formulated to deliver from about 2 to about 70 SPF in sunscreen protection.
Optionally, the composition may have a film former to improve water, sweat and wear resistance. The film former leaves a protective film on the surface of the skin either immediately or upon evaporation of volatiles in the composition. The film former can also enhance the spread characteristics of the composition, which allows the composition to be more uniformly and consistently applied to the skin. Further, the film former can help maintain the insect repellent active at the surface of the skin for a longer period of time than it would otherwise remain without the film former. Still further, the film former affords controlled release of the insect repellent active. This amount of film former ranges from about 0.1 wt% to about 20 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
Film-formers that can be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, one or more acrylate copolymers such as acrylate/octylacrylamide copolymers and acrylate/vinyl acetate copolymers; cellulosic polymers such as methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose; ethylene/acrylic acid copolymer; polyacrylic acid; Ci to C5 alkyl galactomannan; isododecane/ethylene mixed copolymer; adipic acid/diethylene glycol/glycerin crosspolymer; trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid copolymer; trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid/isononanoic acid; PVP/hexadecene copolymer (e.g., Ganex V-216); PVP/eicosene copolymer (e.g., Ganex V-220); alpha olefin/isopropyl maleate/MA polymer; cycloalkyl methacrylate copolymer/isododecane; trimethyl polysiloxane octadecene/MA copolymer; PPG-12/SMDI copolymer; acrylates C-io to C30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer; cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose; dimethiconol; dimethicone; diglycol/cyclohexane- dimethanol/isophthalates/sulfoisophthalate copolymer; polyethylene; waxes such as beeswax and botanical waxes; polyurethane resins and mixtures of the foregoing. The polyurethane resins include PoIyurethane-1 , Polyurethane-2, Polyurethane-4, Polyurethane-5, and mixtures thereof. These polyurethane resins are described in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 8th edition, Printed Edition Pages
1152-1153, which is incorporated herein by reference. Additional film formers include those set forth in U.S. Patent No. 5,916,541 , which is incorporated herein by reference.
Also optionally, the present composition may include one or more of the following additional ingredients: anesthetics, anti-allergenics, antifungals, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, antiseptics, chelating agents, colorants, depigmenting agents, emollients, exfollients, fragrances, humectants, lubricants, moisturizers, pharmaceutical agents, preservatives, skin protectants, skin penetration enhancers, stabilizers, surfactants, thickeners, viscosity modifiers, and vitamins.
EXAMPLES
Compositions of the present invention were prepared by admixing the ingredients set forth below. The ingredients were admixed within their corresponding phases, which were then admixed to form the compositions.
Example 1
Water Phase
31.18% Demineralized Water 3.00% Glycerin
0.20% Cetyl Hydroxyethylcellulose 1.00% Magnesium Sulfate-Heptahydrate Oil Phase
7.50% Ethylhexyl-Methoxycinnamate
8.00% Benzophenone-3 (Oxybenzone)
5.00% Octyl Salicylate
8.00% Homomenthyl Salicylate
0.10% Tocopheryl Acetate-Syn
1.25% Camauba Wax
3.00% Peg-30 Dipolyhydroxytearate
20.00% Ethyl Butylacetylaminopropionate
3.00% PVP/Hexadecene Copolymer
0.75% C30-38 Olefin/lsopropyl Maleate/MA Copolyol
4.00% Zinc Oxide
6.00% Titanium Dioxide
0.03% Butylene Glycol
Example 2
Water Phase
53.50% Demineralized Water 1.00% Glycerin
0.50% Cetyl Hydroxyethylcellulose 0.50% Magnesium Sulfate-Heptahydrate
Oil Phase
7.50% Ethylhexyl-Methoxycinnamate
3.00% Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenol Triazine
5.00% Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol
8.00% CI2-15 Alkyl Benzoate
1.00% Avobenzone
1.25% Carnauba Wax
5.00% PEG-30 Dipolyhydroxystearate
10.00% Ethyl Butylacetylaminopropionate
3.00% PVP/Hexadecene Copolymer
0.75% Polyglyceryl Diisostearate
Example 3
Water Phase
56.90% Demineralized Water
1.00% Pentylene Glycol
0.50% Alkyl Galactomann
1.00% Magnesium Sulfate-Heptahydrate Oil Phase
7.50% Ethylhexyl-Methoxycinnamate
3.00% Octocrylene
5.00% Butyl Octyl Salicylate
8.00% C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate
0.10% Tocopheryl Acetate-Syn
1.25% Carnauba Wax
5.00% PEG-30 Dipolyhydroxystearate
7.00% N,N Diethyl Toluamide
3.00% Cetyl Dimethicone Copolyol
0.75% Polyglyceryl Diisostearate
Example 4
Water Phase
37.95% Demineralized Water
3.00% Glycerin
0.20% Cetyl Hydroxyethylcellulose
1.00% Magnesium Sulfate-Heptahydrate
Oil Phase
7.50% p-Menthane Diol
6.00% Citronella
5.00% Soybean Oil
8.00% Lemon Grass Oil
0.10% Tobacco Extract
1.25% Carnauba Wax
3.00% PEG-30 Dipolyhydroxystearate
5.00% Diisopropyl Adipate
5.00% Isopropyl Palmitate
2.00% C30-38 Olefin/lsopropyl Maleate/Ma Copolyol
5.00% Zinc Oxide
10.00% Titanium Dioxide
Example 5
Water Phase
48.45% Demineralized Water
3.00% Ethanol
0.20% Cetyl Hydroxyethylcellulose
0.50% Alkyl Galactomannan Oil Phase
7.50% p-Menthane Diol
6.00% Citronella
5.00% Soybean Oil
8.00% Lemon Grass Oil
0.10% Tobacco Extract
1.25% Beeswax
3.00% PEG-30 Dipolyhydroxystearate
5.00% Diisopropyl Adipate
5.00% Isopropyl Palmitate
2.00% PVP/Eicosene Copolymer
5.00% Ethylbutylacetylaminopropionate
It should be understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances thaf fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS
1. An insect repellent composition, comprising:
a) a water-in-oil emulsion having an internal aqueous phase and an external oil phase; and
b) an insect repellent active in an amount effective to repel insects when the composition is applied to the skin, wherein the insect repellent active is substantially present in the oil phase; and
c) a non-ionic emulsifying agent.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of insect repellent active is about 0.01 wt.% to about 70 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of insect repellent active is about 0.1 wt.% to about 50 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the insect repellent active is selected from the group consisting of N,N diethyl-m-toluamide, ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate, 1-piperidine carboxylic acid, oil of citronella, soy bean oil, lemon grass oil, geranium/geraniol oil, p-menthane- 3,8-diol, and any mixtures thereof.
5. The composition of claim 1.further comprising a film-forming polymer.
6. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more sunscreen actives.
7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the sunscreen active is about 1.0 wt.% to about 50 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
8. The composition of claim 6, wherein the sunscreen active is selected from the group consisting of oxybenzone, octyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene, octyl salicylate, avobenzone, homomenthyl salicylate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, terephthalydiene dicamphor sulfonic acid, methylene bis- benzotriazoyltetramethylbutylphenol, bis-ethylhexylphenol methoxyphenol triazine, and mixtures thereof.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-ionic emulsifying agent is a stearate polymer and/or a derivative thereof.
10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the emulsifying agent is selected from the group consisting of polyhydroxystearates, polyhydroxydistearates, polyhydroxyisostearates, polyhydroxydiisostearates, polyglyceryl stearates, polyglyderyl distearates, polyglycerylisostearates, polyglyceryldiisostearates and mixtures of the foregoing.
11. The composition of claim 9, wherein the emulsifying agent includes PEG 30 polyhydroxystearate.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-ionic emulsifying agent is present from about 0.1 wt% to about 10 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-ionic emulsifying agent is present from about 1.0 wt% to about 7 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
14. The composition of claim 5, wherein the insect repellent active is about 0.1 wt.% to about 50 wt.% and the film former is about 0.1 wt.% to about 20 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
15. A method of repelling insects from skin, comprising applying to the skin the composition of claim 1.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the insect repellent active is about 0.01 wt.% to about 70 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein the amount of insect repellent active is about 0.1 wt.% to about 50 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein the insect repellent active is selected from the group consisting of N,N diethyl-m-toluamide, ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate, 1-piperidine carboxylic acid , oil of citronella, soy bean oil, lemon grass oil, geranium/geraniol oil, p-menthane-3,8-diol, and any mixtures thereof.
19. The method of claim 15, further comprising applying a film former.
20. The method of claim 15, further comprising applying one or more sunscreen actives in an amount about 1.0 wt.% to about 50 wt.% based on the total weight of the composition.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the sunscreen active is selected from the group consisting of oxybenzone, octyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene, octyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, avobenzone, terephthalydiene dicamphor sulfonic acid, methylene bis-benzotriazoyltetramethylbutylphenol, bis- ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenol triazine, and mixtures thereof.
22. The method of claim 5, wherein the non-ionic emulsifying agent is a stearate polymer and/or a derivative thereof.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the emulsifying agent is selected from the group consisting of polyhydroxystearates, polyhydroxydistearates, polyhydroxyisostearates, polyhydroxydiisostearates, polyglyceryl stearates, polyglycerylisostearates, polyglyceryldistearates, polyglyceryldiisostearates and mixtures of the
foregoing.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the emulsifying agent includes PEG 30 polyhydroxystearate.
25. The method of claim 15, wherein the non-ionic emulsifying agent is present from about 0.1 wt% to about 10 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
26. The method of claim 15, wherein the non-ionic emulsifying agent is present from about 1.0 wt.% to about 7 wt% based on the total weight of the composition.
PCT/US2001/043375 2000-11-28 2001-11-20 Water-in-oil insect repellent composition and method of application to the skin WO2002043656A2 (en)

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EP1308153A3 (en) * 2001-11-03 2003-09-10 Beiersdorf AG Insect repellent sunscreen compositions containing benzotriazole derivatives as light protecting agents
EP1308153A2 (en) * 2001-11-03 2003-05-07 Beiersdorf AG Insect repellent sunscreen compositions containing benzotriazole derivatives as light protecting agents
EP1578195A1 (en) * 2002-12-30 2005-09-28 Avon Products, Inc. Metastable insect repellent emulsion composition and method of use
EP1578195A4 (en) * 2002-12-30 2006-06-14 Avon Prod Inc Metastable insect repellent emulsion composition and method of use
WO2006105842A1 (en) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-12 Merck Patent Gmbh Synergists for boosting the action of repellents
EP1738744A3 (en) * 2005-06-27 2007-12-26 Beiersdorf Aktiengesellschaft Skin-friendly insect repellent
EP1738744A2 (en) * 2005-06-27 2007-01-03 Beiersdorf Aktiengesellschaft Skin-friendly insect repellent
EP1738745A1 (en) * 2005-06-27 2007-01-03 Beiersdorf AG Emulsion with insect repellents
EP1762221A1 (en) * 2005-07-20 2007-03-14 Beiersdorf AG Insect repellent with long lasting affect
EP1978803A4 (en) * 2006-01-16 2013-05-01 Samuel T Darling Insect repellent composition
EP1978803A2 (en) * 2006-01-16 2008-10-15 Samuel T. Darling Insect repellent composition
US8501205B2 (en) 2006-01-16 2013-08-06 Samuel T. Darling Insect repellent composition
WO2007093297A3 (en) * 2006-02-16 2007-12-13 Saltigo Gmbh Water-in-oil formulation for arthropod and plathelminth control
WO2007093297A2 (en) * 2006-02-16 2007-08-23 Saltigo Gmbh Water-in-oil formulation for arthropod and plathelminth control
WO2013113746A3 (en) * 2012-01-31 2014-07-10 Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmetique Composition and association of sunscreens for photostabilizing butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (bmdbm)
WO2013114004A1 (en) * 2012-01-31 2013-08-08 Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmetique Composition and combination of photostabilising bmdbm sunscreens
WO2013113746A2 (en) 2012-01-31 2013-08-08 Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmetique Composition and combination of bmdbm photostabilizers and sunscreens
KR20140125402A (en) * 2012-01-31 2014-10-28 삐에르화브르데르모-코스메띠끄 Composition and associtaion of sunscreens for photostabilizing butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (bmdbm)
US9814660B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2017-11-14 Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmetique Composition and association of sunscreens for photostabilizing butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDBM)
EP3299009A1 (en) * 2012-01-31 2018-03-28 Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Composition and association of sunscreens for photostabilizing butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (bmdbm)
KR102107864B1 (en) 2012-01-31 2020-05-07 삐에르화브르데르모-코스메띠끄 Composition and associtaion of sunscreens for photostabilizing butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (bmdbm)
IT201600101785A1 (en) * 2016-10-11 2018-04-11 Fabio Mauri PHOTOPROTECTIVE PREPARATION AND INSECT-REPELLENT
GB2562134A (en) * 2016-10-31 2018-11-07 Australian Gold Llc Sunscreen compositions
WO2021198198A1 (en) * 2020-03-31 2021-10-07 Firmenich Sa Oil-in-water emulsion comprising a solid lipid material

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