US5844482A - Tagging system using motion detector - Google Patents
Tagging system using motion detector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5844482A US5844482A US08/859,574 US85957497A US5844482A US 5844482 A US5844482 A US 5844482A US 85957497 A US85957497 A US 85957497A US 5844482 A US5844482 A US 5844482A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- movement
- motion sensor
- microcontroller
- signal
- initial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical group [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/02—Mechanical actuation
- G08B13/14—Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles
- G08B13/1436—Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles with motion detection
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a tag monitoring system network used for tracking object movement.
- the tags utilized in the system incorporate a bump sensor which detects movement and a transmitter that relays movement information to a central location.
- the method of the present invention includes several transmitter protocol schemes that broadcast information related to object movement dependent on the type of object being tracked.
- Such systems include passive article attached devices, wherein the attached devices do not include power sources.
- determination of the article location relates to the passage of the device through a specific monitored zone.
- Such systems are limited by the number of zones to be monitored and are generally only useful in confined areas.
- Other systems include active devices which have an on board power source and which can transmit information to a receiver.
- Active article or tagged systems are typical in theft deterrent devices.
- a motion detector and transmitter are set on board an object. When the object is moved in such a manner to be detected by the motion sensor, a transmitter activates a signal broadcast to a receiver.
- the receiver is typically only capable of broadcasting a single transmitter signal.
- Such device may be dependent on an event other than motion to activate a signal, such as unauthorized break-in of a vehicle.
- Such devices are only capable of signaling a single type of movement and the device is incapable of discerning the type of movement occurring and transmitting the nature of the movement to the receiver.
- such systems are typically only capable of monitoring a single event, without tracking and continuous monitoring capabilities.
- a system for monitoring the movement of a tagged object includes at least one overall system receiver which receives radio input signals from the tags used in the system.
- Each tag in the system is releasably engagable to an object that is desired to be tracked.
- the tag which is used in accordance with the present invention incorporates a motion sensor which detects object movement and includes a signal generation circuit adapted to generate a signal when motion is detected.
- a microcontroller is provided which is in electrical communication with the motion sensor and includes a transmitter activation circuit wherein said microcontroller includes a preprogrammed transmitter sequence which is activated by receipt of a signal from the motion sensor.
- a radio transmitter is also provided on the tag which is in electrical communication with the microcontroller, and generates radio signals at the direction of the microcontroller.
- the transmitted signal is received by a remote receiver where the signal is processed and an appropriate action is taken.
- each radio tag transmitter comprises an oscillator.
- a timing circuit effects transmission of the normal radio signals at either a random interval or a pseudo-random interval, so as to mitigate communications contention and so as to conserve power. Communications contention is mitigated since the use of such a random or pseudo-random transmission interval substantially reduces the likelihood that two radio tag transmitters will transmit to a single remote receiver at the same instant. Indeed, if two radio tag transmitters were to transmit to the same remote receiver at the same instant, one or both such transmissions would be ignored and it is extremely unlikely that subsequent retransmissions of the two radio tag transmitters would occur at exactly the same instant again, since the time intervals between transmissions are either random or pseudo-random in nature.
- the radio tag transmitter preferably, but not necessarily, comprises a circuit for transmitting a direct sequence spread spectrum radio signal.
- a direct sequence spread spectrum radio signal As those skilled in the art will appreciate, it is possible to maximize the effective range of such a transmitter, without requiring FCC licensing, via the use of direct sequence spread spectrum modulation.
- the microcontroller preferably includes a series of preprogrammed broadcast schemes which allow the tag to be utilized in a variety of systems.
- a first scheme provides for a series of frequent bursts that commence upon the start of detected movement and continuously transmits signals until an indication that there is a cessation of movement is received.
- a second scheme produces an initial series of transmission bursts for a short time following the detection of initial movement, and a second series of frequent transmission bursts for a short time following detection of cessation of movement of the object.
- a third scheme provides an initial series of frequent bursts for a short period of time following an indication of initial movement.
- a series of periodical bursts are thereafter transmitted until the cessation of movement is detected wherein a final series of bursts are transmitted for a short period of time.
- a further scheme provides an initial series of frequent bursts for a short time following a detection of initial movement, a series of random bursts thereafter until detection of cessation of movement wherein a final series of bursts are transmitted for a short time.
- a further scheme provides a series of frequent bursts for a short time following detection of initial movement. There are no additional transmissions following in the initial movement.
- a further scheme provides transmission of a series of frequent bursts for a short time following the detection of ceasing of object movement.
- the frequent bursts at the end of the movement is the only transmission completed under such a scheme.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall components of the system for monitoring movement of a tagged object of the present invention showing an exemplary tag transmitting to a network receiver;
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the components of the tag which is utilized in the system for monitoring of a tagged object of the present invention
- FIG. 3a is a graphical representation of broadcast of radio bursts where those bursts are continuous;
- FIG. 3b is a graphical representation of broadcast of radio bursts where frequent bursts are only at the start and end of the movement;
- FIG. 3c is a graphical representation of broadcast of radio bursts where frequent bursts are at the start and end of the movement and include periodical intermediate bursts;
- FIG. 3d is a graphical representation of broadcast of radio bursts where frequent bursts are at the start of movement only.
- FIG. 3e is a graphical representation of broadcast of radio bursts where frequent bursts are at the end of movement only.
- FIG. 1 there is shown the tagged monitoring system network of the present invention used for tracking object movement.
- a tag 10 is shown, and such tag 10 is adapted to be releasably engagable, via mount 11, with an object desired to be tracked.
- the tag 10 includes a bump sensor or movement detector which operates to create a signal to be broadcast over the tag antenna 12 for receipt by a network antenna 14 to be processed by the network system 16.
- a series of network antennas would be strategically located about an area in which the objects which are tagged are to be monitored. In the case of a very limited area, a single network antenna may only be required.
- the tagged monitoring system network would be used in association with asset and inventory tags. Different types of information could be broadcast from the tag antenna 12 depending on the nature and use of the inventory tag system.
- the inventory tagged system may be used to track cargo moved by truck, ship, rail, air and other means of transportation. The system may also be utilized to determine the occurrence of a seismic event and could be used to trigger emergency alarms or other procedures. Further, the inventory tagging system may be used to determine movement of precious and valuable objects for security and locating purposes. Such tag system may be used in a machine environment to determine when machinery stops operating or begins operating.
- the system may also be utilized to track people or objects within a certain area. Additional applications such as use in a seismic detector for metering and monitoring applications is also contemplated.
- the system of preferred embodiment may be used in a number of applications when it is important to know when and where an object/individual is moving, and to monitor that movement.
- a bump sensor 18 is shown in electrical communication with a microcontroller 20.
- the bump sensor 18 is essentially a motion detector which, when attached to the object desired to be tracked will be able to generate a signal in response to movement of the object.
- suitable bump sensors include mercury tilt switches, accelerometers, velocity sensors, displacement sensors, rotation sensors, etc.
- a signal from the bump sensor 18 is received by the microcontroller 20, and based upon the information stored on the microcontroller, in certain situations, the microcontroller will initiate the modulator 22 to generate a signal which is amplified by the amplifier 24 and transmitted over the tag antenna 12.
- the oscillator 26 regulates the frequency of the tag antenna 12 output.
- the bump sensor 18 detects movement of the object and generates a signal to be received by the microcontroller 20.
- the microcontroller 20 therefore initiates a transmission sequence to be broadcast over the antenna 12. It is additionally contemplated by the present invention that the microcontroller 20 could additionally serve other functions such as triggering an alarm or other related functions.
- the microcontroller activates the circuity necessary to transmit signals over the tag antenna 12 namely the modulator 22, amplifier 24 and oscillator 26. The duration and the number of transmission bursts from the antenna 12 is preprogrammed into the microcontroller which initiates the transmission circuity.
- the bump sensor 18 may be able to send a signal or terminate a signal to the microcontroller 20 when the motion of the object has ceased.
- the tag transmitter which comprises the modulator 22, amplifier 24, oscillator 26 and antenna 12 transmits radio signals at a frequency with an unknown center frequency within a known frequency band. Accordingly, each time the tag transmitter transmits a radio signal, it generates the signal at a random frequency which is then received by the system receiver 16.
- the system receiver 16 identifies the center frequency of the radio signal, tunes to the center frequency of that radio signal and gathers information from the tag based upon the signal.
- Several types of receiver devices in the system receiver 16 may be utilized such as a scanner or other similar receiver which is capable of receiving a number of different frequencies within a known band.
- FIGS. 3a-3e there is shown a plurality of possible transmission schemes from the tag in order to transmit information to the tag monitoring system.
- a timeline is shown indicating start movement detected by the bump sensor 18 and stop movement by the same bump sensor 18.
- the microcontroller 20 receives a start movement signal, and based upon the scheme preprogrammed into the microcontroller 20, initiates the transmitter circuity to transmit continuous frequent bursts from the antenna 12 to be received by the network system 16. At the stop movement signal (or lack of movement signal) the microcontroller ceases further transmission of the frequent bursts.
- the bump sensor 18 detects movement of the object and sends a signal to the microcontroller 20.
- the microcontroller based upon preprogrammed information, initiates the transmission circuit to broadcast a series of frequent bursts for a short period of time at the beginning of the movement to notify the system network 16 that movement has begun. A second series of bursts would not initiate until the bump sensor 18 determines that all movement is stopped.
- a second series of frequent bursts notifies the network 16 that the object has ceased movement.
- 3b notifies the system 16 when the object starts and stops moving and is advantageous for power consumption savings.
- the scheme described in FIG. 3b would be particularly suited when tracking shipments by truck, ship, rail, sea and other modes of transportation where the bump sensor 18 would be tripped continuously for long periods of time.
- FIG. 3c there is shown a further scenario for transmitting signals from the tag 10 to the system network 16.
- a series of frequent bursts are made at the start and end of the object's movement. In between the start and end of the object's movement periodical or random bursts are transmitted.
- a signal is forwarded to the microcontroller 20.
- the microcontroller 20 based upon preprogrammed information, initiates the transmitter circuity to transmit a first series of frequent bursts for a short period of time following the initial movement.
- FIG. 3c is similar to the scheme as shown in FIG. 3b, however, the scheme of FIG. 3c includes the periodical or random bursts. This will allow periodic monitoring by the system 16 to determine location of the object.
- FIG. 3c is advantageous in certain situations over the scheme as shown in FIG. 3a as it reduces power consumption since the intermediate bursts are random or periodical.
- the random bursts allow continued monitoring during movement.
- the scheme of FIG. 3c is not as accurate in object tracking as the scheme of 3a.
- FIG. 3d there is shown another scenario wherein a series of frequent burst occurs only at the start of the movement of the object.
- the bump sensor 18 senses the movement, and forwards a signal to the microcontroller 20.
- the microcontroller 20 based upon preprogrammed information, transmit a series of frequent bursts, short in time duration, following the movement to notify the system 16 that movement has started. No further bursts are required under the scheme of FIG. 3d.
- the scheme of FIG. 3d is similar to that of 3b except that there is no burst at the termination of movement.
- FIG. 3e there is shown a further scheme wherein the bump sensor 18 only sends a signal to the microcontroller 20 at cessation of the movement of the object.
- the bump sensor 18 Upon cessation of movement, the bump sensor 18 forwards a signal to the microcontroller 20, and based upon the preprogrammed information, the microcontroller 20 directs the transmission circuit to transmit a series of bursts short in time duration for receipt by the system 16.
- the tag transmits only after the object has stopped moving.
- the scheme of FIG. 3e is particularly suited in use of monitoring machine operation as it would be a preferred method of monitoring whether machinery has stopped operating.
Abstract
Description
Claims (26)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/859,574 US5844482A (en) | 1997-05-20 | 1997-05-20 | Tagging system using motion detector |
EP98923559A EP0983524A2 (en) | 1997-05-20 | 1998-05-19 | Tagging system using motion detector |
PCT/US1998/010290 WO1998053343A2 (en) | 1997-05-20 | 1998-05-19 | Tagging system using motion detector |
JP55056498A JP4101887B2 (en) | 1997-05-20 | 1998-05-19 | Tagged system using motion detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/859,574 US5844482A (en) | 1997-05-20 | 1997-05-20 | Tagging system using motion detector |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5844482A true US5844482A (en) | 1998-12-01 |
Family
ID=25331244
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/859,574 Expired - Lifetime US5844482A (en) | 1997-05-20 | 1997-05-20 | Tagging system using motion detector |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5844482A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0983524A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4101887B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998053343A2 (en) |
Cited By (57)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6150923A (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 2000-11-21 | Johnson; William Nevil Heaton | Alarm system |
WO2001013344A1 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2001-02-22 | Hpm International Trade Ag | Ski security system |
WO2002031788A1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-18 | Motorola Inc., A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Method and apparatus for motion activated control of an electronic device |
US6390996B1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2002-05-21 | The Johns Hopkins University | CPR chest compression monitor |
US20020094012A1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2002-07-18 | Wherenet Corporation | Geolocation system with controllable tags enabled by wireless communications to the tags |
WO2002080058A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-10 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Task management system |
US6472976B1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2002-10-29 | Charles M. Wohl | Monitoring location and tracking system |
US20030030568A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2003-02-13 | Roc Lastinger | Wireless identification systems and protocols |
US6535545B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 | 2003-03-18 | Rf Waves Ltd. | RF modem utilizing saw resonator and correlator and communications transceiver constructed therefrom |
US20030095686A1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-05-22 | Montgomery Dennis L. | Method and apparatus for detecting and reacting to occurrence of an event |
US20040046675A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2004-03-11 | Masami Murata | Movement detection sensor and movement detection device |
US6774811B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2004-08-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Designation and opportunistic tracking of valuables |
US20040263329A1 (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-12-30 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting unauthorized intrusion into a container |
US20050052290A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-03-10 | Axonn L.L.C. | Location monitoring and transmitting device, method, and computer program product using a simplex satellite transmitter |
US20050134457A1 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-06-23 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Container security and monitoring |
US20060012481A1 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-01-19 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for control or monitoring of a container |
US7099895B2 (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2006-08-29 | Radianse, Inc. | System and method for performing object association using a location tracking system |
US20070008108A1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-11 | Schurig Alma K | Unsynchronized beacon location system and method |
US20070008107A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-01-11 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring mobile containers |
US20070090965A1 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Mc Call Clark E | Key-fob locating method and apparatus |
US20070096920A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-03 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring an environmental condition with a tag |
US20070096904A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-03 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for capacitive sensing of door position |
WO2007033476A3 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-11-08 | Lyngsoe Systems Ltd | Active logistical tag for cargo |
US7317387B1 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2008-01-08 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for increased container security |
US20080088441A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2008-04-17 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Asset Monitoring Using the Internet |
US20080174423A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2008-07-24 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Method and System for Obtaining Information about Objects in an Asset |
US20080198003A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2008-08-21 | Anthony Ronald Nix | Marine Personal Locator Apparatus |
US20080203158A1 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2008-08-28 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Presence Check of Objects |
US20080272923A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2008-11-06 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Monitoring of an Asset for Chemicals |
US20100039280A1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-18 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and apparatus for wireless asset tracking using asset tags with motion sensors |
US20100039263A1 (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-02-18 | Christopher Way-Fung Chen | System and method for utilization of smart meter infrastructure |
US7667597B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2010-02-23 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus using magnetic flux for container security |
US20100109904A1 (en) * | 2008-11-06 | 2010-05-06 | Imu Solutions, Inc. | Secure remote control apparatus and method |
US20100141435A1 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2010-06-10 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Asset monitoring using the internet |
ITAT20090010A1 (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-01-31 | Paser Srl | "MF MOTUS" ELECTRONIC UNIT FOR DETECTION OF THE MOTION OF A BODY THROUGH ACCELEROMETER / INTEGRATED MAGNETOMETER AND ITS RADIO NOTIFICATION TO A RECEIVER. |
US20110260869A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-10-27 | Tektrap Systems, Inc. | Method And Device For Tracing Objects And Detecting Change In Configuration Of Objects |
US8786437B2 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2014-07-22 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Cargo monitoring method and arrangement |
US8827721B2 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2014-09-09 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Method of measuring abdominal thrusts for clinical use and training |
US9015071B2 (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2015-04-21 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Asset monitoring using the internet |
US9020527B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2015-04-28 | Senaya, Inc. | Asset tracking system with data ping based on asset movement |
US20150153803A1 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-04 | Sony Corporation | Apparatus and method for controlling a suspended state |
US9220443B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2015-12-29 | Zoll Medical Corporation | CPR chest compression monitor for infants |
US9253752B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2016-02-02 | Senaya, Inc. | Asset tracking system activated by predetermined pattern of asset movement |
WO2016041088A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Sulon Technologies Inc. | System and method for tracking wearable peripherals in augmented reality and virtual reality applications |
US9613239B2 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2017-04-04 | Chep Technology Pty Limited | Pattern recognition based motion detection for asset tracking system |
WO2019201950A1 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-24 | Multiwave Technologies Ag | Method and system for data acquisition and processing |
US10492986B2 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Wearable sensor devices and systems for patient care |
US10956854B2 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2021-03-23 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for tracking goods carriers |
US10977460B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2021-04-13 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for pallet tracking using hub and spoke architecture |
US10973735B2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2021-04-13 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Chest compression devices for augmented CPR |
US11062256B2 (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2021-07-13 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Smart physical closure in supply chain |
US11202579B2 (en) | 2016-08-08 | 2021-12-21 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Wrist-worn device for coordinating patient care |
US11244378B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2022-02-08 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for tracking promotions |
US11249169B2 (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2022-02-15 | Chep Technology Pty Limited | Site matching for asset tracking |
US11507771B2 (en) | 2017-05-02 | 2022-11-22 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for pallet identification |
US11663549B2 (en) | 2017-05-02 | 2023-05-30 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for facility matching and localization |
US11900307B2 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2024-02-13 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Placement of tracking devices on pallets |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012072847A1 (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-06-07 | Antequera Rodriguez Nicolas | Anti-theft system using radio frequency |
Citations (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3988724A (en) * | 1975-07-17 | 1976-10-26 | David John Anderson | Theft alarm |
US4063229A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1977-12-13 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Article surveillance |
US4656463A (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1987-04-07 | Intelli-Tech Corporation | LIMIS systems, devices and methods |
US4686513A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-08-11 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Electronic surveillance using self-powered article attached tags |
US4742357A (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1988-05-03 | Rackley Ernie C | Stolen object location system |
US4750197A (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-06-07 | Denekamp Mark L | Integrated cargo security system |
US4818998A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1989-04-04 | Lo-Jack Corporation | Method of and system and apparatus for locating and/or tracking stolen or missing vehicles and the like |
US4833456A (en) * | 1988-03-01 | 1989-05-23 | Summit Sports, Inc. | Ski security device |
US4962369A (en) * | 1989-02-09 | 1990-10-09 | Marcia Israel | Merchandise security system utilizing RF transmitter |
US4980575A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1990-12-25 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Motion sensor and detection system |
US5001461A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1991-03-19 | Roy Vroom | Ski equipment theft alarm |
US5014206A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1991-05-07 | Facilitech International Incorporated | Tracking system |
US5025246A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1991-06-18 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | EAS tag with motion detection facility |
US5327304A (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1994-07-05 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Tape drive controlling device |
US5387993A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-02-07 | Precision Tracking Fm, Inc. | Method for receiving and transmitting optical data and control information to and from remotely located receivers and transmitters in an optical locator system |
US5537460A (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-07-16 | Holliday, Jr.; Robert O. | Method and apparatus for determining the precise location of a modified cellular telephone using registration messages and reverse control channel transmission |
US5610590A (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1997-03-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Motion sensor |
US5640143A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1997-06-17 | Mytech Corporation | Occupancy sensor and method of operating same |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5324315A (en) * | 1993-08-12 | 1994-06-28 | Medtronic, Inc. | Closed-loop downlink telemetry and method for implantable medical device |
-
1997
- 1997-05-20 US US08/859,574 patent/US5844482A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-05-19 EP EP98923559A patent/EP0983524A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-05-19 WO PCT/US1998/010290 patent/WO1998053343A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-05-19 JP JP55056498A patent/JP4101887B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4063229A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1977-12-13 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Article surveillance |
US3988724A (en) * | 1975-07-17 | 1976-10-26 | David John Anderson | Theft alarm |
US4656463A (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1987-04-07 | Intelli-Tech Corporation | LIMIS systems, devices and methods |
US4686513A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-08-11 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Electronic surveillance using self-powered article attached tags |
US4818998A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1989-04-04 | Lo-Jack Corporation | Method of and system and apparatus for locating and/or tracking stolen or missing vehicles and the like |
US4742357A (en) * | 1986-09-17 | 1988-05-03 | Rackley Ernie C | Stolen object location system |
US4750197A (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-06-07 | Denekamp Mark L | Integrated cargo security system |
US4833456A (en) * | 1988-03-01 | 1989-05-23 | Summit Sports, Inc. | Ski security device |
US5014206A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1991-05-07 | Facilitech International Incorporated | Tracking system |
US4962369A (en) * | 1989-02-09 | 1990-10-09 | Marcia Israel | Merchandise security system utilizing RF transmitter |
US5001461A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1991-03-19 | Roy Vroom | Ski equipment theft alarm |
US4980575A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1990-12-25 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | Motion sensor and detection system |
US5025246A (en) * | 1990-04-10 | 1991-06-18 | Sensormatic Electronics Corporation | EAS tag with motion detection facility |
US5327304A (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1994-07-05 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Tape drive controlling device |
US5387993A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-02-07 | Precision Tracking Fm, Inc. | Method for receiving and transmitting optical data and control information to and from remotely located receivers and transmitters in an optical locator system |
US5537460A (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1996-07-16 | Holliday, Jr.; Robert O. | Method and apparatus for determining the precise location of a modified cellular telephone using registration messages and reverse control channel transmission |
US5640143A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1997-06-17 | Mytech Corporation | Occupancy sensor and method of operating same |
US5610590A (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1997-03-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Motion sensor |
Cited By (108)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6150923A (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 2000-11-21 | Johnson; William Nevil Heaton | Alarm system |
US7295871B2 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2007-11-13 | Zoll Circulation, Inc. | ECG signal processor and method |
US6390996B1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2002-05-21 | The Johns Hopkins University | CPR chest compression monitor |
US20070135739A1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2007-06-14 | Johns Hopkins University | Cpr chest compression monitor and method of use |
US8968224B2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2015-03-03 | Johns Hopkins University | CPR chest compression monitor and method of use |
US7429250B2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2008-09-30 | The Johns Hopkins University | CPR chest compression monitor and method of use |
US20060247560A1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2006-11-02 | The Johns Hopkins University | Cpr chest compression monitor and method of use |
US20020165471A1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2002-11-07 | Halperin Henry R. | ECG signal processor and method |
US7818049B2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2010-10-19 | Johns Hopkins University | ECG signal processor and method |
US9398999B2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2016-07-26 | The Johns Hopkins University | CPR chest compression monitor and method of use |
US7074199B2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2006-07-11 | Revivant Corporation | CPR chest compression monitor and method of use |
US7108665B2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2006-09-19 | Zoll Circulation, Inc. | CPR chest compression monitor |
US20080064971A1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2008-03-13 | Johns Hopkins University | ECG Signal Processor and Method |
US8147433B2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2012-04-03 | Johns Hopkins University | CPR chest compression monitor and method of use |
US20050004484A1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2005-01-06 | Revivant Corporation | ECG signal processor and method |
US20110034836A1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2011-02-10 | Johns Hopkins University | Wrist Mounted CPR Chest Compression Monitor |
US6865413B2 (en) | 1998-11-09 | 2005-03-08 | Revivant Corporation | ECG signal processor and method |
US6472976B1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2002-10-29 | Charles M. Wohl | Monitoring location and tracking system |
WO2001013344A1 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2001-02-22 | Hpm International Trade Ag | Ski security system |
US6535545B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 | 2003-03-18 | Rf Waves Ltd. | RF modem utilizing saw resonator and correlator and communications transceiver constructed therefrom |
US6970496B1 (en) | 1999-10-15 | 2005-11-29 | Rf Waves Ltd. | RF modem and communications transceiver utilizing saw device and pulse shaping |
US6859485B2 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2005-02-22 | Wherenet Corporation | Geolocation system with controllable tags enabled by wireless communications to the tags |
US20020094012A1 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2002-07-18 | Wherenet Corporation | Geolocation system with controllable tags enabled by wireless communications to the tags |
US8786437B2 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2014-07-22 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Cargo monitoring method and arrangement |
US8482399B2 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2013-07-09 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Asset monitoring using the internet |
US9015071B2 (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2015-04-21 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Asset monitoring using the internet |
US20100141435A1 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2010-06-10 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Asset monitoring using the internet |
US9082103B2 (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2015-07-14 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Asset monitoring with content discrepancy detection |
WO2002031788A1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-18 | Motorola Inc., A Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Method and apparatus for motion activated control of an electronic device |
US6774811B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2004-08-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Designation and opportunistic tracking of valuables |
US7099895B2 (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2006-08-29 | Radianse, Inc. | System and method for performing object association using a location tracking system |
US8190730B2 (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2012-05-29 | Consortium P, Inc. | Location system and methods |
US20040046675A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2004-03-11 | Masami Murata | Movement detection sensor and movement detection device |
US7061390B2 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2006-06-13 | Masami Murata | Movement detection sensor and movement detection device |
WO2002080058A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-10 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Task management system |
US20070008069A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2007-01-11 | Roc Lastinger | Wireless identification systems and protocols |
US20030030568A1 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2003-02-13 | Roc Lastinger | Wireless identification systems and protocols |
US7030731B2 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2006-04-18 | Rf Code, Inc. | Wireless identification systems and protocols |
US20030095686A1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-05-22 | Montgomery Dennis L. | Method and apparatus for detecting and reacting to occurrence of an event |
US7006666B2 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2006-02-28 | Etreppid Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for detecting and reacting to occurrence of an event |
US8310363B2 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2012-11-13 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Method and system for obtaining information about objects in an asset |
US20080272923A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2008-11-06 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Monitoring of an Asset for Chemicals |
US20080088441A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2008-04-17 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Asset Monitoring Using the Internet |
US20080174423A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2008-07-24 | Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. | Method and System for Obtaining Information about Objects in an Asset |
US7259669B2 (en) | 2003-04-18 | 2007-08-21 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting unauthorized intrusion into a container |
US20040263329A1 (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-12-30 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting unauthorized intrusion into a container |
US20080097687A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2008-04-24 | Gary Naden | Location monitoring and transmitting device, method, and computer program product using a simplex satellite transmitter |
US7099770B2 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2006-08-29 | Axonn L.L.C. | Location monitoring and transmitting device, method, and computer program product using a simplex satellite transmitter |
US7337061B2 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2008-02-26 | Axonn, L.L.C. | Location monitoring and transmitting device, method, and computer program product using a simplex satellite transmitter |
US20110090041A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2011-04-21 | Gary Naden | Asset Management Device and Method Using Simplex Satellite Transmitter Augmented with Local Area Transceiver |
US20050052290A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-03-10 | Axonn L.L.C. | Location monitoring and transmitting device, method, and computer program product using a simplex satellite transmitter |
US20080018496A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2008-01-24 | Ronnie Tanner | Asset management device and method using simplex satellite transmitter augmented with local area transceiver |
US20050171696A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-08-04 | Axonn L.L.C. | Location monitoring and transmitting device, method, and computer program product using a simplex satellite transmitter |
US7315246B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2008-01-01 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Security and monitoring for containers |
US7436298B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2008-10-14 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Container security and monitoring |
US20050151643A1 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-07-14 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Security and monitoring for containers |
US20050134457A1 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-06-23 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Container security and monitoring |
US7317387B1 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2008-01-08 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for increased container security |
US8258950B2 (en) | 2004-07-15 | 2012-09-04 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for control or monitoring of a container |
US20060012481A1 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-01-19 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for control or monitoring of a container |
US8840021B2 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2014-09-23 | Nxp, B.V. | Presence check of objects |
US20080203158A1 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2008-08-28 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Presence Check of Objects |
US8063771B2 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Seasafe Pty Ltd | Marine personal locator apparatus |
US20080198003A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2008-08-21 | Anthony Ronald Nix | Marine Personal Locator Apparatus |
US20070008107A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2007-01-11 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring mobile containers |
US20070008108A1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-11 | Schurig Alma K | Unsynchronized beacon location system and method |
US20090261975A1 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2009-10-22 | Don Ferguson | Active logistical tag for cargo |
US8587430B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2013-11-19 | Lyngsoe Systems, Ltd. | Active logistical tag for cargo |
US9092680B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2015-07-28 | Lyngsoe Systems, Ltd. | Active logistical tag for cargo |
WO2007033476A3 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-11-08 | Lyngsoe Systems Ltd | Active logistical tag for cargo |
US20070090965A1 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Mc Call Clark E | Key-fob locating method and apparatus |
US7538672B2 (en) | 2005-11-01 | 2009-05-26 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for capacitive sensing of door position |
US20070096904A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-03 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for capacitive sensing of door position |
US7808383B2 (en) | 2005-11-03 | 2010-10-05 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring an environmental condition with a tag |
US20070096920A1 (en) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-05-03 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring an environmental condition with a tag |
US7667597B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2010-02-23 | Savi Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus using magnetic flux for container security |
US20100039263A1 (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-02-18 | Christopher Way-Fung Chen | System and method for utilization of smart meter infrastructure |
US20100039280A1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-18 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and apparatus for wireless asset tracking using asset tags with motion sensors |
US7982614B2 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-07-19 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and apparatus for wireless asset tracking using asset tags with motion sensors |
US20110260869A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-10-27 | Tektrap Systems, Inc. | Method And Device For Tracing Objects And Detecting Change In Configuration Of Objects |
US20100109904A1 (en) * | 2008-11-06 | 2010-05-06 | Imu Solutions, Inc. | Secure remote control apparatus and method |
ITAT20090010A1 (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2011-01-31 | Paser Srl | "MF MOTUS" ELECTRONIC UNIT FOR DETECTION OF THE MOTION OF A BODY THROUGH ACCELEROMETER / INTEGRATED MAGNETOMETER AND ITS RADIO NOTIFICATION TO A RECEIVER. |
US9253752B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2016-02-02 | Senaya, Inc. | Asset tracking system activated by predetermined pattern of asset movement |
US10624056B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2020-04-14 | Senaya, Inc. | Asset tracking system activated by predetermined pattern of asset movement |
US9020527B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2015-04-28 | Senaya, Inc. | Asset tracking system with data ping based on asset movement |
US8827721B2 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2014-09-09 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Method of measuring abdominal thrusts for clinical use and training |
US9613239B2 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2017-04-04 | Chep Technology Pty Limited | Pattern recognition based motion detection for asset tracking system |
US9965662B2 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2018-05-08 | Chep Technology Pty Limited | Pattern recognition based motion detection for asset tracking system |
US9220443B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2015-12-29 | Zoll Medical Corporation | CPR chest compression monitor for infants |
US10143621B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2018-12-04 | Zoll Medical Corporation | CPR chest compression monitor with reference sensor |
US9521977B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2016-12-20 | Zoll Medical Corporation | CPR chest compression monitor with reference sensor |
US20150153803A1 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-04 | Sony Corporation | Apparatus and method for controlling a suspended state |
US9639261B2 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2017-05-02 | Sony Corporation | Apparatus and method for controlling a suspended state |
WO2016041088A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Sulon Technologies Inc. | System and method for tracking wearable peripherals in augmented reality and virtual reality applications |
US10973735B2 (en) | 2015-04-29 | 2021-04-13 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Chest compression devices for augmented CPR |
US11202579B2 (en) | 2016-08-08 | 2021-12-21 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Wrist-worn device for coordinating patient care |
US11883352B2 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2024-01-30 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Wearable sensor devices and systems for patient care |
US10492986B2 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2019-12-03 | Zoll Medical Corporation | Wearable sensor devices and systems for patient care |
US11534365B2 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2022-12-27 | Zoll Medical Corporation | “Wearable sensor devices and systems for patient care” |
US11244378B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2022-02-08 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for tracking promotions |
US11507771B2 (en) | 2017-05-02 | 2022-11-22 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for pallet identification |
US11663549B2 (en) | 2017-05-02 | 2023-05-30 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for facility matching and localization |
US11900307B2 (en) | 2017-05-05 | 2024-02-13 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Placement of tracking devices on pallets |
US10977460B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2021-04-13 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for pallet tracking using hub and spoke architecture |
US10956854B2 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2021-03-23 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Systems and methods for tracking goods carriers |
WO2019201950A1 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-24 | Multiwave Technologies Ag | Method and system for data acquisition and processing |
US11249169B2 (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2022-02-15 | Chep Technology Pty Limited | Site matching for asset tracking |
US11062256B2 (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2021-07-13 | BXB Digital Pty Limited | Smart physical closure in supply chain |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998053343A3 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
WO1998053343A9 (en) | 1999-04-01 |
EP0983524A2 (en) | 2000-03-08 |
JP4101887B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
WO1998053343A2 (en) | 1998-11-26 |
JP2002503411A (en) | 2002-01-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5844482A (en) | Tagging system using motion detector | |
US5999091A (en) | Trailer communications system | |
US7486187B2 (en) | Integrated security system and method | |
US5448221A (en) | Dual alarm apparatus for monitoring of persons under house arrest | |
US6504491B1 (en) | Simultaneous multi-data stream transmission method and apparatus | |
US5583488A (en) | Proximity alarm system | |
US5640144A (en) | RF/ultrasonic separation distance alarm | |
CA1306015C (en) | Infant security system | |
EP1112512B1 (en) | Rfid detection system | |
JP3894580B2 (en) | Measurement and / or security system | |
US7375638B2 (en) | Electronic tether for portable objects | |
EP0487982B1 (en) | Jamming apparatus for electronic article surveillance systems | |
JP2003505803A (en) | Security improvements | |
WO1991016695A1 (en) | Proximity sensing security system | |
US20070279226A1 (en) | Security Monitoring System | |
EP1706758B1 (en) | Combined radar and communications link | |
US6650241B2 (en) | Child safety device | |
US4284985A (en) | Stolen equipment recovery device | |
WO2001086608A3 (en) | Eas system with wide exit coverage and reduced over-range | |
CN101359419A (en) | Transport theftproof system | |
WO2002054103A2 (en) | Object tracking system | |
US6337626B1 (en) | User recognition system | |
JPH0612586A (en) | Wireless transmitter and wireless security system utilizing the same | |
RU2099791C1 (en) | Radio signalling and detection method and system for its implementation | |
JPH0766804A (en) | Security system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GUTHRIE, WARREN E.;PAPPADIA, JOSEPH F. , JR.;REEL/FRAME:008583/0661 Effective date: 19970425 |
|
STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY Free format text: PAYER NUMBER DE-ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: RMPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
|
FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: NORTHROP GRUMMAN SYSTEMS CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:025597/0505 Effective date: 20110104 |