DE3805810A1 - Communication system for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a communication system for vehicles, which comprises an on-board computer (car computer), a storage device for data representing road maps, a device for determining the actual travel path and the respective location on the road map, and a storage device for storing the respective location data. The communication system according to the invention is characterised in that a code for vehicle identification is stored in a storage device, a device is provided which determines if the vehicle moves, the on-board computer is always kept in an operational state, a transceiver is provided in/on the vehicle, the transceiver is always kept in an operational state, a triggering device is provided which is assigned to the on-board computer and triggers the transceiver to transmit a specific signal automatically, and one or more guide centres are provided for communication with the vehicle via radio link. The signal which is transmitted after the triggering, preferably contains the code for vehicle identification and/or the location data.

Description

The invention relates to a communication system for Vehicles comprising an on-board computer, a memory Direction for data representing road maps, an on direction to determine the actual route and of the respective location on the road map and one Storage device for storing the respective location Data.

In DE-OS 36 13 195 a device for displaying the Driving route of a vehicle described using a Bordcom puter, a storage device for road maps data and a facility for determining the actual route and the respective location the road map includes. The known display device is characterized in that a correction of the actual route in relation to those shown on the map Roads is carried out what the exact determination of the respective current location of the vehicle relieved. A determination of the location of the vehicle from outside by third parties, for example if the vehicle is sought, but is not provided.

A further proposal was made by Prof. Dr. K. Haefner published in ADAC Motorwelt 7/86, p. 31. A The vehicle of the future should have an on-board computer, a memory data device representing road maps, a Device for determining the actual route and the respective location on the road map, long distance vision cameras to record the immediate surroundings of the vehicle as well as ultrasonic sensors for close range. It is a navigation of the vehicle via satellite as well as a Tracking vehicle movements on a road map provided so that the actual location of the vehicle can always be determined. It is also possible that the vehicle is moving in accordance with traffic. By input  of the destination, the vehicle should be able to reach the destination to drive alone.

There is currently a transport called 'Prometheus' system in preparation, where with on-board computers, Senso transmitters, receivers and instrument carriers equipped vehicles with routes given from outside formation (ADAC Motorwelt 4/87, p. 50 to 53). Obstacles detected by the sensors, e.g. a Accident in front of the vehicle, too close a distance and the are similar to the driver e.g. displayed on a screen shows so that the driver can react in time. To Management of traffic flows is proposed electroni devices such as Infrared receiver on the traffic light poles attached, receive the destinations of the vehicles and Send route recommendations back. By means of this transmitter the respective location is also communicated to the driver. Electronic sensors installed in the lane should allow a traffic control center number, Speed, distances and types of driving along to capture witness. Based on this data, for example wise information to radio stations and alternate signposts be given. This transport system ever works but provided the driver follows the instructions or warnings follows. An impact on the vehicle itself, i.e. one about the described monitoring and Leadership beyond active influence and communication, is obviously not planned.

In DE-OS 35 44 934 is a computer-controlled thief steel security for motor vehicles described, the one On-board computer, a device for comparing two Magnetic cards data read by magnetic card reader with stored data, a release device for Release of vehicle equipment when reading certain Data and a display device for operating states of the Systems includes. To activate the system is a manual  operated switch provided. The first mag netkarte read data record includes vehicle data ent speaking data of the motor vehicle letter or certificate including the license plate data and the second data sentence includes data relating to the guidance of the vehicle. By means of a display attached to the rear of the vehicle the vehicle data made visible to the outside. Will fall cal data is read, there is an optical and acoustic Alarm device actuated. Finding an irregularity Temperance on the vehicle is therefore only by direct sense perception possible.

The invention has for its object to a system create that favors traffic safety and that Determination of trip data enabled.

This task is according to the invention for a communica tion system for vehicles of the type mentioned at the beginning solved by that

• - A code for vehicle identification in a memory facility is saved,
• - A facility is provided to determine whether that Vehicle drives,
• - The on-board computer is always in an operational state located,
• - the radio is always ready for use located,
• - a radio is provided in / on the vehicle,
• - A trigger device assigned to the on-board computer is provided, which the radio for automatic Triggers a specific signal, and
• - one or more control centers for communication are provided with the vehicle via radio.

Advantageous further developments of this communication system Stems for vehicles are the subject of the subclaims.  

Storage of the code for vehicle identification and equipping a vehicle with a radio possible from a control center the location of Determine vehicles or that of a contacted A radio signal is transmitted to the control center and can be assigned to this vehicle. By multiple Signal transmission at a certain time interval is the Control center also able to change the direction of travel witness. It can be traffic this way dense vehicles in certain areas of the road and the changes that occur over time are recorded.

It is also provided by the corresponding vehicle hene facility possible to determine whether the vehicle moves. This device can be a sensor, which detects the engine operation, or for example around a sensor connected to the wheel axles or the like act. This measure is particularly useful if one stolen vehicle or one with people wanted set vehicle is to be determined. The search through this would make the police much less expensive and easier to carry out and criminal acts under Use of vehicles would be difficult.

For example, as a code for vehicle identification the license plate data record, which is anyway is assigned to each vehicle. The trigger device for could automatically transmit a specific radio signal for example, by an off received by the radio release pulse, by Sig transmitted via the on-board computer nale or by operating a specific switch to be controlled. For example, Ge transport of freight assigned special transmission frequencies such that the route of travel and the distance traveled carefully monitored and in the event of irregularities measures could be taken immediately.  

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention according communication system results from the fact that the signal sent after triggering the code to the vehicle ID tification and / or contains the location data. This he it is possible not only to determine that there is a vehicle located in the area of a certain control center, but to identify it directly and, if necessary, to communicate with it nicate. The fact that the on-board computer and the radio device is always ready for operation, the The relevant control center is able to update the stand at any time to determine the location of a searched vehicle.

It is useful to be able to concern the driver before starting the journey Data such as driver's license data can be read, and after Triggered signal then contains the driver relevant data. This way it is possible to radio determine whether a particular driver is to be certain time is or can be in flowing traffic its current location and the one it has driven Vehicle to be communicated. This is e.g. in the case of one Accident very beneficial. The driver can also use this Receive information that he is in contact with third parties should record.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention Communication system is an additional one, from the outside not accessible battery provided that the radio and the On-board computer if the main battery fails provided. In this way it can be prevented that Communication system by disconnecting the main battery is disabled. For example, it can will see that the battery removal to carry out Repairs without alarm signaling only when entering certain data is possible, which then the alarm systems Take the sensors out of operation.  

A second antenna is expediently provided, so that at Short-term destruction of the first antenna via radio corresponding signal can be sent. The concern the alarm system sensors can, if properly installed Drive the vehicle by entering the intended Data is deactivated. By coupling the Communication system with an alarm system can Location and e.g. the registration number of the vehicle, a theft just attempted or carried out, or Damage automatically and possibly without acoustic or optical signal transmitter via radio to the control center or passed on to the responsible authorities. The Therefore, perpetrators must with a faster emergence of Po anticipate a beneficial reduction in the Quota of theft and damage to motor vehicles facilities leads.

There is the possibility, for example, of satellite Use navigation. However, predominantly with terre control centers. At correspond The density of control centers can be a performance of the Radio equipment of approx. 2 watts should be sufficient so that in Vehicle itself does not use excessive energy.

One of the advantages of the communication system according to the invention As mentioned, stems consists of the possibility of traffic Monitoring, for example, by determining certain Vehicles or drivers. The guidance options go however Furthermore. For example, in certain streets cut or grid squares the respective standing or moving vehicles can be determined and driving movements in in this area. Can in the same way Of course, individual drivers are also identified the. This could be the case in the private sector, for example  speaking to the ADAC holiday call on the radio or accordingly handled the newspaper announcements during the vacation period will.

For example, for dangerous goods transports could be provided be that the type of charge is transmitted by radio kind that e.g. approaching in the area of an accident Dangerous goods transports are warned or redirected can and also the appropriate aid and rescue vehicles can take appropriate measures.

A preferred embodiment of the invention Communication system that includes the facility for fixed position of the actual route and the respective Location at certain points, especially traffic depict installed radio transmitters that match their respective Send signals containing location data, and one Correction device includes that based on the receiving Location signals updated the location data. To this It is possible without the need for complex facilities the location determination due to inaccuracies in the Sensors and cumulative effects when driving on Reduce the vehicle's occurring errors to zero. The respective location of the vehicle can therefore be very accurate be recorded. The permanently installed radio transmitters can for example with traffic lights and traffic signs be connected, which already partially with electronics facilities are provided, or at town entrances be provided.

Another embodiment of the commu according to the invention nication system includes one with a manual emergency call button designed triggering device. This enables a corresponding radio signal in the event of an emergency for example, stating the location, the vehicle identification data and driver data. The radio signal triggered by pressing this button  advantageously a corresponding code so that the Control center suitable measures can be taken for example, getting help. In case that manual triggering of an emergency call is no longer possible is advantageously provided that the triggering device comprises one or more sensors, the signals of which are each at The radio exceeds a predetermined level trigger. The sensors are e.g. outside of the body attached pressure sensors and / or temperature sensors and / or tension sensors attached to the seat belts. Am pushing a bumper or door, engine fire or Excessive braking of the vehicle then leads to auto matically to a message via the on-board computer and to the appropriate control center, so that even in the unconscious or seriously injured driver or co-driver can be called and it is possible to alert at after to give the following vehicles or rescue vehicles in progress to put.

The vehicle is particularly well secured, when the radio is triggered by manual emergency call button or one of the sensors the hazard warning lights the vehicle is turned on.

A breakdown button is useful in the event of defects provided a radio signal with one from the main frequency for dialogue with the control center (s) ver to send different frequencies. This enables e.g. at Glitches to call a private emergency call center (ADAC) who also location and vehicle or possibly additional Driver data can be transmitted. The previously existing to the emergency telephones, which are usually only on cars anyway tracks are no longer needed, which at cost saving leads. When connecting suitable sensors for example certain vehicle defects or an add-on facilities (failed cooling in refrigerated vehicles etc.) are also transmitted, so that suitable dimensions quickly  can be taken. For example, then a changed route (as the destination workshop or shorter route). This button could also may be triggered automatically when the assigned Sensors have detected predetermined level violations.

A particularly high flexibility of the invention Communication system results when the radio dia is logable.

Traffic safety becomes essential through a facility tion increased by the received by the radio and by the Signals issued by the on-board computer control the maximum speed of the vehicle concerned. This can e.g. be provided in the event that it is a Dangerous goods transport or a truck, which does not exceed a certain speed should. Then for journeys with the corresponding load the vehicle does not exceed 80 km / h, for example drive, whereby the driver does not have to pay attention to whether he exceeds this speed because this automa table is observed.

By according to local entrances or certain Road junctions can give signals in this way for vehicles, for example, in towns specified a certain permissible maximum speed will. Maintaining the customary 50 km / h can be done done automatically, so that excessive speeding out closed is. In game streets, for example, 25 or 30 km / h also strictly observed, so that the An number of accidents caused by excessive speed len at least using the Kom according to the invention communication system should decrease sharply.

If a speed of more than 50 km / h in urban areas partly should be allowed, so needs only for the be  striking road sections a higher permissible maximum speed to be specified. That way he the system according to the invention enables a very flexible Traffic management, because the maximum speeds can of course according to the respective traffic conditions are output adjusted. For example wise, a section of the motorway must be kept clear Allowing emergency vehicles to pass through requires only one very low speed down to zero to be written. Accordingly, the driving could speed, for example in the event of ground frost, fog, etc. adjusted or limited.

Such a speed control of the vehicle itself could for example with a speed sensor and be coupled to the fuel supply system. A fle Flexible handling of the speed limit results in that the mobile radio assigned to the control centers councils are provided which close to the driving speed regulate speed and take over relay function, so to speak. The mobile radios could use ultrasound, infrared and microwave transmitters.

To facilitate the control of the speed and the Detection of a predetermined maximum speed by the driver is advised to have a display on the dashboard provided an existing speed limit and / or indicates the permissible maximum speed If necessary, enter the speed limit in question is to be held. This allows the driver to be on sets the respective driving conditions and in good time Speed reduction measures can take. Around the driver on a speed limit or their It is advantageous to make people aware of changes shear signal generator is provided, which a change in the permissible shows maximum speed. You can then use About  Pick-up processes ended quickly or acceleration processes be canceled.

To change the speed limit a safe transition to the low Allowing higher speeds is advantageous provided that the maximum speed Establishment of a delay element comprises such that the actual speed limit only a fixed set period after the corresponding advertisement appeared and / or the acoustic signal sounds. It can, for example, last five seconds be detected by the speed controller whether the Vehicle speed is actually reduced or whether acceleration is taking place. In the latter Fall would have to be waited a little longer, so with for example, an overtaking process can be ended. On this way, speed reductions are also up realized safely to a standstill, for example in one certain road section before an accident site the traffic stopped or at least the driving speed strong must be slowed down.

In such cases, the rest is not necessary To use motor vehicle identification data as it is about a management or control of the traffic flow itself goes.

Of course, this control is not only on Ge driving situation such as limited in accidents, but also in the case of fog or to regulate the vehicle density on certain routes. It is also possible to let certain vehicles drive more slowly (e.g. dangerous goods transport) or if certain drivers do so Stop driving the vehicle. This can e.g. the Be the case when long-distance drivers exceed their working hours and now have one within a certain period of time  Have to drive to the parking lot. Likewise, people who have a Have stolen the vehicle or are being sought by the police, be forced to stop.

Generally, instead of the currently usual traffic Sign with changing electronic maximum speed Traffic sign with radio transmitter (s) pre will be seen whose transmission signals are data of the maximum speed speed or predetermined speed and possibly further Traffic data included.

An expedient simple embodiment of a fiction According to the traffic sign is that a small Computers, e.g. a single board computer, a radio transmitter (FM Transmitter) and a power supply unit (e.g. a battery lator with solar cells and / or connection to a utility supply line) are provided. You can use the computer stored speed data to be transmitted and be changed. The radio transmitter is ge from the computer controls and the signals it receives are in the On-board computer of a driver passing the traffic sign Stuff processed.

To simplify this, a second one is preferred monofrequency transmitter in the electronic traffic sign provided whose signal using the Doppler effect and / or field strength maximum is evaluated in order driving the vehicle past electronic traffic sign to determine exactly. A visual display is in front partially provided and can be in a known manner in the form of Lamps, if necessary via fiber optic cables, etc.

An electronic traffic sign according to the invention can also as a transmitter for other traffic-related data be used, e.g. Location and type of traffic sign traffic density, traffic jam, accident, diversion recommendation, Etc.  

Should e.g. the maximum speed are reduced expediently several such traffic signs with radio transmitters arranged one behind the other, their assigned maximum speeds in the direction of travel are lower, as is currently the case with conventional sheet metal signs on motorways and federal highways (120, 100, 80 ... km / h). Should be the top speed be increased again, so there is no need for a graded Series of radio transmitters Traffic sign. A traffic sign is sufficient to be provided at the appropriate maximum speed. While the speed increase automatically and infinitely variable with the vehicle being carried out by the driver acceleration takes place through the successive provided in the deceleration direction that the Gradation is done as finely as possible and in this way under Circumstances can be done safely by radio.

The sequential arrangement of several traffic signs in the In the event of a reduction in the top speed, the understandably carried out in such a way that at first free Travel the distance between the first and second ver Kehrszeichen is relatively large to reflect the different Align travel speeds with each other. After that can the speed gradations according to the Specification can be carried out in stages. For example in In this way, the area of traffic light circuits can also be a continuous green wave can be achieved by speed at the red / green curve Lich adjusted.

If the output of the electronic traffic sign the represents the specified speed, the should Do not fall below the specified speed of 20 km / h. in the Extreme case of 0 km / h would come to a standstill of the Vehicle between two traffic signs and one of the  like issue would only be in the case of ghost drivers Motorways make sense. The corresponding specification of the Ge zero speed would then be in the opposite direction consequences. It is then possible to drive backwards.

Another advantage of the Ge provided according to the invention Speed limitation of vehicles is that the previously common radar controls are completely eliminated can. It is ensured that the vehicles with a drive at reasonable speed. By specifying a Speed range, i.e. simultaneous specification of a Minimum and maximum speeds, can be special can be effectively achieved that the traffic is smooth and Speed adapted to traffic and weather conditions abilities are complied with. So far through traffic controls and surveillance by police civil servants are now free to do more useful work.

The communication system according to the invention can furthermore be carried out in such a way that for the transport of dangerous goods certain roads are closed at all or only be certain roads should be driven. The dangerous goods routes can by the appropriate signals of the guide central modified according to the circumstances will.

Theft is advisable with the release device alarm system coupled. That is, is according to the invention provided that an alarm provided in a vehicle system emits alarm signals via radio. That way their effect over that of the usual optical and acoustic signals given range extended. This is how a stolen vehicle is located much easier and the version of thieves or son persons who damage a vehicle is essential Lich improved.  

Devices installed in the vehicle are useful as in for example a car radio with a vehicle identification code containing a code and an inaccessible code Lichen switch provided that the supply circuit only in the event that the code includes the vehicle identification code of the vehicle in which the additional device corresponds is installed. Then, for example, despite security the car radio steals, that's how it is in one other vehicle is not functional, i.e. that the car radio can only be operated on a vehicle. The assignment can of course be provided Check the car radio / vehicle, for example at the office controls. Otherwise, this is a coding measure not limited to car radios.

The communication system according to the invention also enables keeping an electronic logbook, so to speak, by providing a storage device in which data of the performed during a certain period Rides, especially the driver, by him with the Vehicle covered kilometers and the respective Data indicating the time of travel are stored. This makes it possible to access the to determine each driver, which is particularly the case with Un fall or very useful for other findings is. For example, over a period of seven days all trips, vehicle movements, trip times, locations and driver data (driving licenses) saved be safe. This can be for certain vehicles or trans ports for which no tachograph is required, replace it at least partially.

As far as it is for private use and e.g. the journeys of a particular driver are recorded a removable disk is advisable provided on which the ge in the storage device stored data are recordable. With this out  removable disk can be, for example Magnetic tape cassette act in a conventional manner, which means a simple reader can be read externally. Yourself understandable other media can be used so that data e.g. for the Tax office can be prepared.

It is possible to provide a certain amount of data and then automatically cyclically collect the data delete or delete the oldest data and new ones Rewrite data. Alternatively, you can also post Transfer the stored data to the removable one Data carrier the stored data will be deleted.

The communication system according to the invention thus enables a reduction in the number of Traffic accidents, especially those caused by excessive ge speed-induced accidents. Furthermore, the number of thefts of vehicles and their accessories lowered. The detection of stolen vehicles is done by the aids provided according to the invention are essential relieved, since the location of vehicles can be determined is, in particular by specifying vehicle individuali data.

The communication system according to the invention is based on the following detailed description and the drawing explained further. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1 shows the structure of the control unit of the communication system according to the invention,

Fig. 2 shows the structure of the present invention is provided with radio port car radios,

FIG. 3 is the diagram of an electronic logbook invention,

Fig. 4 shows the illustration of a radio-controlled velocity input,

Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a con troll system for transport of dangerous goods,

Fig. 6 is an illustration of the determination of a vehicle location in high / right value coordinates and

Fig. 7 is an illustration of the structure of an inventive electronic traffic sign.

In Fig. 1, the structure of a control unit for an inventive communication system is illustrated. The control unit comprising the on-board computer is impact-proof and temperature-resistant in a housing which is firmly connected to the bodywork or the chassis. It is secured against unauthorized opening. An additional battery (' 2nd batt.') Is used to ensure that the control unit functions independently of the vehicle battery. A separate battery pack is expediently provided, which provides the voltage required for on-board computer operation and a programming voltage for EPROMs and PROMs etc. Overvoltage protection is provided to protect the memory (EPROM, PROM, RAM) and the other parts. All inputs and outputs are designed to be fixed against overvoltage and polarity reversal, with at least the ignition voltage of the vehicle being selected as the maximum. This prevents the on-board computer from being destroyed by overvoltage. Robust, vibration-proof plug connections, for example in accordance with the MIL standard, must be provided for the connections of the peripheral components.

In the PROM e.g. Data corresponding to the data of the force vehicle registration documents or registration documents including the license plate saved data. The EPROM contains data regarding  the management of his motor vehicle. For example, in RAM the location data is saved. For large amounts of data, for Storage and in particular data backup, for example a mass storage is provided for the road map. This can be, for example, a hard disk, floppy disk, Magnetic tape drive, memory IC (static RAMs), memory cherplatine etc. With the peripheral input / output is an entrance / exit is provided for the road map. The The data representing the road map are in one memory chereinrichtung, in the present case in the mass storage filed. The data of the road map can be read out be checked, supplemented or corrected.

An example of coordinates that can be used for the representation will be explained later with reference to FIG. 6.

With the on-board computer, navigation is via an input connected. It is the navigation sensors for example by sliding potentiometers, inductive travel on the wishbones, pulse generators, tachometer generators the wheels (at least two). By means of this navigation the steering movements, the speed and the distance traveled by the vehicle is determined. In ver binding with the streets stored in the mass storage map and the position corrections when passing the electronic, radio-equipped traffic signs etc. the respective location of the vehicle is determined exactly. The accuracy of the location determination, i.e. the deviation from the actual location and the calculated location, can be better than 5 m.

Another input connection is with the Bordcom computer-assigned keyboard, a key for the radio and an ad. These are on the dashboard attached and allow the driver to query vehicle-specific data, for example the fuel consumption, the distance traveled, etc. For example  a desired destination can also be entered and then a catenary using the communication system will be realized.

An integrated emergency call button is provided in the keyboard, by means of the radio device provided on / in the vehicle can be activated. This button can e.g. with a another breakdown key associated with another radio frequency be coupled, e.g. a private breakdown service like ADAC automatically the location and if possible also the type of reported defect.

Emergency callers are connected to the on-board computer, i.e. Sen sensors that e.g. high tensile forces in the seat belts, a strong impact or too high temperatures Fire etc. If an accident happened, will based on these sensor input signals from the Bordcom computer and the triggering device coupled to it Sending a corresponding radio signal to the Leitzen trale triggered.

Sensors connected to the alarm system are used for appropriate unauthorized operation signals on board computer submitted, whereupon via a corresponding seen output optical or acoustic signal generator Alarm system triggered. It can also be the hazard warning plant can be put into operation so that it is widely recognizable is that unauthorized persons are on the vehicle. At the same time, a corresponding radio signal is sent to the Control center sent out.

One is connected to an output of the control unit Outside display. This exterior display is, for example, on the Rear window or at the rear of the vehicle facing outwards arranged and shows e.g. the vehicle identification data at. An example of such displays is in the DE-OS 35 44 934 described a so-called electro  proposes a license plate. An indoor display is for Various data provided for conventional display data or e.g. for an approved maximum speed and the like.

It is envisaged that e.g. from the registration office, from TÜV and the like changed data about one for this seen special connection can be entered. This can e.g. be necessary if the vehicle data, e.g. the place of registration and the like.

A connector is also provided for system engineers extension to be able to connect additional devices.

Via another connection, data from the control Central entered or output to this. The The control center is to be understood in a broader sense such that e.g. the police or similar regulations authorities are included. For data exchange, the preferred done in digital form, are a radio transmission and Receiving part provided, controlled by the on-board computer are. The driver can depending on the operation of the radio in certain cases, do not act.

The radio is just like the on-board computer in one stable housing impact-proof and temperature-protected and permanently attached to the vehicle. A small Battery is also used for emergency power supply when the Vehicle battery fails. It is envisaged that a Radio message is sent if one of the two antennas gets destroyed. The transmission power of the radio is like this designed to always reach the next control center can be. About 2 watts are required for this. The Radio frequency range is in the FM range or in the transition FM / KW area.  

To carry out a proposed Ge according to the invention speed limitation is advisable a cruise control used, but not directly from the driver, but only can be operated indirectly via the on-board computer and otherwise is controlled by radio. A paired with the radio The transmitter transmits the maximum permitted to the on-board computer speed, which then has appropriate facilities (D / A converter, valves for dosing the intake air quantity, Mixture control etc.) via e.g. an injection pump, or the throttle valve controls the driving speed. The The on-board computer always compares the actual vehicle speed at the specified maximum speed, so that unwanted overspeeding can be prevented.

A reader is used to read data that e.g. Data correspond to a motor vehicle license or driver's license chen. The reader can e.g. through a socket for electronic memory modules can be added.

Another connection is provided for service purposes and is carried out as part of the usual workshop inspections uses. Such a connection can also, for example wise saved road map data up to date Be brought up, e.g. when new motorways are built, Roads etc. This can be done within the maintenance intervals take place, for example once a year.

Another connection is used for the location / speed specification. Via this connection, the type of traffic sign, its location and, for example, also the time are transmitted, for example, from the electronic traffic signs provided with transmitting devices. These signals are forwarded to the on-board computer via the control unit and evaluated there. The determination of the vehicle position, as in turn with respect to such a radio equipped traffic sign, can be done, for example, by means of field strength measurement and / or Doppler effect. In this connection, reference is also made to FIGS. 4 and 7 and the associated description.

There is also a connection provided via the keyboard and the on-board computer connect to the radio provides so that the driver, for example, breakdown assistance can call or can also conduct a dialogue.

The car radio is suitably coupled to the control unit. This is shown in more detail in FIG. 2. An on-board computer-controlled switchover between radio and car radio operation is advantageously provided, so that the radio speakers can be used for radio operation. For this purpose, a switching device is provided between the radio or car radio and the downstream speakers, the control input of which is connected to the on-board computer via a control line.

A self-holding switch (latch) is with the Bordcom puter and a comparator and compares the in a PROM stored data of the car radio with the in On-board computer stored vehicle data. Do they agree in Radio saved vehicle identification data with the identification data stored in the on-board computer match, the car radio is not in the correct driving stuff installed. It then becomes a corresponding code troll signal that indicates the possibility of theft, passed on to the on-board computer and also to the alarm investment. In this case, one becomes one with the battery connected switch leading control line with a Signal that keeps this switch open, so that the car radio is not put into operation.

It is further shown in FIG. 2 a line leading from the antennas which feeds signals output from corresponding alarm system signals to the on-board computer.

If an antenna is damaged, it will also Alarm signal issued.

If, on the other hand, there is a match between the values saved in the PROM saved vehicle identification data with the data stored in the memory chereinrichtung the on-board computer stored vehicle Identification data is determined through tax line passed an enable signal and the switch closed to the voltage source.

With the on-board computer is also a connection for one Data carrier connected, which is removable and on the in data stored in a storage device such as RAM to use for an electronic logbook on are playable. Data regarding RAM is returned distance traveled, fuel used, driver, etc. saved. To save the data in RAM for a long time internal power supply, e.g. by means of a small battery, provided in the plugged state is charged by the vehicle electrical system. This internal Power supply is connected to buffer modules that are in turn connected to the on-board computer. The Buffer modules are equipped with overvoltage protection equips, causing a memory erase (RAM) due to too high or incorrectly polarized voltages is prevented.

A code identifier is provided to ensure can only authorized persons save the data stored in RAM Read data. This code identifier includes a comparator, the identification data entered via an entry with at for example in a special area of RAM or one other fixed data stored ver equal. Is the code for reading data supplied leave, then one becomes the input / output modules leading control line issued an enable signal.  

In the event that the RAM in RAM is essentially full is entered via a line leading to an advertisement corresponding signal output. You can use the display at for example, light-emitting diodes may be provided, for example in yellow or red. This allows you to see if the memory area is almost or completely occupied and data on the out removable media must be dubbed or this needs to be replaced.

In Fig. 4 the speed limit provided according to the invention is illustrated. Evaluation logic is coupled to the on-board computer via an interface. An input of the evaluation logic is provided for signals which have been emitted by a traffic sign transmitter and have been received by the receiver of the vehicle radio. These are usually maximum permissible speeds.

Another input of the evaluation logic is, for example coupled with the speedometer of the vehicle and it will the actual ge via this input to the evaluation logic speed entered. Another entrance is to the Recording a signal provided that a desired Ge changes in speed. This entrance is therefore for example, with the accelerator pedal or throttle valve the. Via a further input, a permanent speed-related signal entered, like this for example in the case of cruise control.

An output of the evaluation logic is at a speed speed controller connected, for example with a mixture control, fuel injectors, speed control etc. The speed controller limits the Actual speed of the vehicle.

The evaluation logic records the actual speed of the drive stuff and the target speed and determines whether the  Vehicle speed must be reduced. A The corresponding signal is sent to the speed controller submitted. In the event that the desired change detected the speed is an increase in speed the signal fed to the controller with a delay because complete a possible overtaking with the driver can.

In Fig. 5 the function of an inventively stalteten control system is illustrated veran for dangerous goods. The explanation is given in the form of a flow chart.

First, several data records are entered, at for example using a floppy disk, magnetic cards, chips etc. The first data set includes vehicle identification data, at for example, according to the vehicle registration. The second record relates to the respective driver, i.e. on his driver’s license (driver’s license data) and in particular its approval for the transport of dangerous goods. The third data set refers to the dangerous goods themselves, its type, a code for its identification, etc. This Data are fed to the on-board computer, if necessary, a fourth record for the vehicle trailer or that Read in the semitrailer vehicle etc. The data check runs negative, there is an indication inside the vehicle that too a new input of data, or it will appropriate magnetic cards and the like ejected. However, the data entered is correct with that in a Storage device matches stored data runs the data check is positive and the transport can go through leads. Via the on-board computer and the radio the corresponding data is automatically sent to the management central transmitted.

After approval by the control center, the ignition released and the vehicle can be started. To  the external display of the vehicle is about to start sets, i.e. the vehicle identification code such as the official license plates, a dangerous goods display etc. light up on. The trip data, e.g. the destination and the like, entered and the route from the on-board computer determined and, if necessary, again sent to the control center telt. The vehicle is then started.

If the journey is interrupted, the outside display goes out and only the dangerous goods display remains in Business. With resumption of travel the lights up again Outside display on. After the end of the trip it goes out and the dangerous goods display remains until through the correspondingly informed control center approves by Radio done. Then this display and the Ge also go out Transportation of freight is considered to be ended.

Fig. 6 is used to explain location coordinates that can be used for example for determining the location. High and legal values ( H and R ) are used in geodesy. The globe is usually divided into 360 degrees of longitude and 90 degrees of latitude per hemisphere. At the equator, the distance between two degrees of longitude is about 111 km, 0 km at the poles and about 70 km in the Federal Republic.

The longitudes become the corresponding numbers Assigned to areas:

0 ° 0
3 ° 1
6 ° 2
9 ° 3
Etc.

Area 2 (corresponding to 6 °) is thus the area speaking the longitudes 4 ° 30 'to 7 ° 30' assigned.  

The high and legal values are given in m. So that no negative values result, 500 km are added to the determined value. The reason for this number is that 500 km is greater than the distance between three longitudes, namely 333 km, at the equator. The legal value R = 2 550 478.16 can be broken down as follows. The dimension is meters. The first digit means: Area 2, ie 6th latitude. The code for the 6th latitude is exactly: 2,500,000.00. 2 550 478.16 means 50 km 478.16 m east of the 6th parallel.

The legal value 2 476 321.98 thus also corresponds to that the area containing the 6th latitude. From 500 000- 476 321.98 results in 23 678.02. Thus the Indication of a place 23 km 678.02 m west of the 6th porridge degrees.

The high values are measured from the equator. The high value 5 702 436.17 is 5 702 km 436.17 m north of the equator.

By specifying R = 2 550 478.16 and H = 5 702 436.17 thus a point specified with centimeter accuracy the. Such maps can be used to create road maps be digitized.

The storage capacity today is such that, for example Areas of 1,000 km × 1,000 km stored in a chip can be. For example, grid squares could follow of the type to be entered:

R ₁ = 2 550 478.16 H ₁ = 5 702 436.17
R ₂ = 2 550 578.16 H ₂ = 5 702 436.17
R ₃ = 2 550 578.16 H ₃ = 5 702 536.17
R ₄ = 2 550 478.16 H ₄ = 5 702 536.17

In Fig. 7 the structure of an electronic traffic sign according to the invention is illustrated. The central unit of the exemplary embodiment shown consists of a computer in the form of a small single-board computer with CPU, RAM, ROM and one to three interfaces. Furthermore, the electronic traffic sign has a radio transmitter in the form of an FM transmitter, and usually a power supply unit. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a further monofrequency transmitter and a display and a receiver module are also provided.

As an alternative or at the same time, there are connections to a receiver or for a cable at the entrance. The receiver is intended for the reception of data by radio, which are to be displayed or transmitted via the electronic traffic sign or which serve as the basis for this. Alternatively, the data can also be supplied via a cable. The input is connected to the CPU to which the ROM and RAM are connected. In the ROM shown in the exemplary embodiment, a program to be processed by the CPU, the location of the electronic traffic sign and its code number are stored. The speed to be displayed by the electronic traffic sign and, if applicable, the period over which a certain speed is to be displayed are stored in RAM. The transmitters (FM transmitters) for data transmission from the traffic sign to the receiver or on-board computer of the respective motor vehicle are connected to the CPU as output units. A visual display of the output (maximum) speed is optionally provided, for which lamps, light guides and the like can be used, for example, on motorways. The interfaces for the FM transmitter, input and display are not shown in FIG. 7.

Another monofrequency transmitter in the he is expedient provided electronic traffic sign according to the invention, of the additional signals to the on-board computer one at the Ver  transmits road sign passing motor vehicle. The monofrequency signal received by the motor vehicle using the Doppler effect and / or the field strength maximum evaluated and allows the exact Determine the time when the motor vehicle at Ver the road sign passes.

For the power supply of the electronic traffic sign an accumulator is provided. For charging the battery Solar cells are provided. In addition or older A connection of a supply line (cable conn conclusion) should be provided.

The computer provided in the electronic traffic sign is used to control the display and the transmitter, namely either according to a fixed specification or depending on Input data. This enables a very current issue of target or limit speeds by the electro African road sign. The data transfer takes place with at least 625 baud, calculated from a transmitter range of approx. 20 m, maximum vehicle speed of 200 km / h and 200 bit data. Usually one maximum speed to be observed to the vehicles be averaged. To avoid vehicle downtime, should expediently the speed output the value of 20 km / h do not fall below. The output of 0 km / h is only then useful if a vehicle is in the wrong journey direction moved so that this vehicle then backwards can drive (negative speed). Of course speed ranges can also be specified, If necessary, also other travel parameters, possibly entry and exit Switching off certain instruments etc.

Furthermore, the transmitter of electronic traffic plate information and data to the on-board computer one transmitted to the motor vehicle, such as Traffic jam, accident, recommended diversion, traffic density as well  Relate to the location and type of the sign. It can be one Traffic regulations that are particularly flexible in terms of location and time respectively.

Claims (23)

1. Communication system for vehicles, comprising an on-board computer, a storage device for road map data, a device for determining the actual route and the respective location on the road map, and a storage device for storing the respective location data, characterized in that

• a code for vehicle identification is stored in a storage device,
• a device is provided which determines whether the vehicle is running,
• - The on-board computer is always ready for operation,
• - a radio is provided in / on the vehicle,
• - the radio is always ready for use,
• - A trigger device assigned to the on-board computer is provided, which triggers the radio for automatically transmitting a specific signal, and
• - One or more control centers are provided for communication with the vehicle via radio.

2. System according to claim 1, characterized records that the signal sent after triggering the vehicle identification code and / or location contains data. 3. System according to claim 1 or 2, in which prior to departure driver-related data such as driver's license data are read, characterized in that the signal sent after triggering that affects the driver contains data. 4. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized ge indicates that an additional, from the outside Inaccessible battery is provided, which is the radio device and the on-board computer if the main battery fails powered. 5. System according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized ge indicates a second antenna in front is seen. 6. System according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized ge indicates that the performance of the radio is about 2 W. 7. System according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized ge indicates that the facility for the feast position of the actual route and the respective Location at certain points, especially traffic depict installed radio transmitters that match their respective Send signals containing location data, and one  Correction device includes that based on the received Location signals updated the location data. 8. System according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized ge indicates that the triggering device manual emergency button includes. 9. System according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized ge indicates that the trigger device or comprises several sensors, the signals of each at The radio exceeds a predetermined level trigger. 10. System according to claim 9, characterized records that the sensors on the outside of the body attached pressure sensors and / or temperature sensors and / or tension sensors attached to the seat belts include. 11. System according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized characterized that with triggering the radio devices using the manual emergency call button or one of the Sensors switched on the hazard warning lights of the vehicle becomes. 12. System according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized characterized in that the radio dialog is capable. 13. System according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized characterized that a breakdown button before is seen to be a radio signal with one of the main frequency for dialogue with the control center (s) ver to send different frequencies. 14. System according to any one of claims 1 to 13, ge characterized by a facility that by  received by the radio and output by the on-board computer Signals controlled the top speed of the subject the vehicle. 15. System according to claim 14, characterized by an indicator on the dashboard showing an existing one Speed limit and / or the maximum allowed shows speed. 16. System according to claim 14 or 15, characterized is characterized by an acoustic signal generator that indicates a change in the speed limit. 17. System according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized characterized that the the maximum speed determination device a delay element around summarizes such that the actual speed limits only after a fixed period after the publication of the corresponding display and / or sound of the acoustic Signal takes effect. 18. The system according to any one of claims 14 to 17, comprising electronic traffic signs, thereby identified records that the traffic sign with sparks the (s) are provided, the transmission signals of which the data of the maximum speed and possibly other traffic data included. 19. System according to claim 18, characterized records that several traffic signs with radio transmitters are arranged one behind the other, their assigned Maximum speeds in the direction of travel are lower are.   20. System according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized characterized that with the trigger direction an anti-theft alarm system is coupled. 21. System according to one of claims 1 to 20 and claim 3, characterized in that a Spei chereinrichtung is provided in which during a be agreed dates of the journeys made, ins special the driver back from him with the vehicle km and the time of the trip Data that is stored. 22. System according to claim 21, characterized through a removable disk onto which the in the Storage device stored data are dubable. 23. Anti-theft device for motor vehicles, in particular according to one of the preceding claims and according to claim 20, characterized in that one built auxiliary device such as a car radio on the vehicle code containing identification data is assigned and ver the additional device with an inaccessible switch see the supply circuit only in the case concludes that the code matches the vehicle identification code of the Corresponds to the vehicle in which the additional device is installed is.