CA2723058A1 - Direct conversion receiver architecture - Google Patents

Direct conversion receiver architecture Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2723058A1
CA2723058A1 CA2723058A CA2723058A CA2723058A1 CA 2723058 A1 CA2723058 A1 CA 2723058A1 CA 2723058 A CA2723058 A CA 2723058A CA 2723058 A CA2723058 A CA 2723058A CA 2723058 A1 CA2723058 A1 CA 2723058A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
gain
signal
amplifying
output
amplifier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA2723058A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2723058C (en
Inventor
Tao Li
Christian Holenstein
Inyup Kang
Brett C. Walker
Paul E. Peterzell
Raghu Challa
Matthew L. Severson
Arun Raghupathy
Gilbert C. Sih
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Qualcomm Inc
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Qualcomm Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qualcomm Inc filed Critical Qualcomm Inc
Publication of CA2723058A1 publication Critical patent/CA2723058A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2723058C publication Critical patent/CA2723058C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03GCONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers without distortion of the input signal
    • H03G3/20Automatic control
    • H03G3/30Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
    • H03G3/3052Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in bandpass amplifiers (H.F. or I.F.) or in frequency-changers used in a (super)heterodyne receiver
    • H03G3/3078Circuits generating control signals for digitally modulated signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03GCONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers without distortion of the input signal
    • H03G3/20Automatic control
    • H03G3/30Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
    • H03G3/3052Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices in bandpass amplifiers (H.F. or I.F.) or in frequency-changers used in a (super)heterodyne receiver
    • H03G3/3068Circuits generating control signals for both R.F. and I.F. stages
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03GCONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers without distortion of the input signal
    • H03G3/20Automatic control
    • H03G3/30Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
    • H03G3/3089Control of digital or coded signals

Abstract

A direct downconversion receiver architecture having a DC
loop to remove DC offset from the signal components, a digital variable gain amplifier (DVGA) to provide a range of gains, an automatic gain control (AGC) loop to provide gain control for the DVGA and RF/analog circuitry, and a serial bus interface (SBI) unit to provide controls for the RF/analog circuitry via a serial bus. The DVGA may be advantageously designed and located as described herein. The operating mode of the VGA loop may be selected based on the operating mode of the DC loop, since these two loops interact with one another. The duration of time the DC loop is operated in an acquisition mode may be selected to be inversely proportional to the DC loop bandwidth in the acquisition mode. The controls for some or all of the RF/analog circuitry may be provided via the serial bus.

Claims (46)

1. A method of processing a desired signal in a wireless communication system, comprising:

amplifying the desired signal with a first gain having a coarse resolution;

downconverting the amplified signal from radio frequency (RF) to baseband with a single frequency downconversion stage;

digitizing the downconverted signal to provide samples;

correcting for DC offset in the downconverted signal with a DC loop; and digitally amplifying the samples with a second gain having a fine resolution to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude.
2. A direct downconversion receiver comprising:
an RF front-end unit operative to amplify, downconvert at essentially constant gain, and digitize a received signal to provide samples;

a digital variable gain amplifier (DVGA) operative to amplify the samples with a first gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude; and an automatic gain control (AGC) loop operative to provide the first gain for the DVGA based in part on the output data.
3. The direct downconversion receiver of claim 2, further comprising:

a DC offset canceller operative to correct for DC

offset in the samples, and wherein the DVGA is operative to amplify the DC offset corrected samples.
4. The direct downconversion receiver of claim 2, wherein the AGC loop is further operative to provide a second gain for the RF front-end unit.
5. An apparatus in a wireless communication system, comprising:

first means for amplifying a received signal;
means for cancelling a DC offset in the amplified signal;

second means for digitally amplifying the DC
offset cancelled signal; and means for measuring the digitally amplified signal and to control the gains of the first and second amplifying means.
6. A receiver unit comprising:

an analog variable gain amplifier;

a DC offset canceller coupled to an output of the analog variable gain amplifier;

a digital variable gain amplifier coupled to an output of the DC offset canceller;

a gain controller adapted to measure a signal output from the digital variable gain amplifier and to control the gains of the analog and digital variable gain amplifiers; and a control interface operative to provide the gain for the analog variable gain amplifier.
7. A receiver unit comprising:

an RF front-end unit operative to amplify, downconvert, and digitize a received signal to provide samples;

a DC loop operative to cancel DC offset in the samples;

a digital variable gain amplifier (DVGA) operative to amplify the DC offset cancelled samples with a first gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude;

an automatic gain control (AGC) loop operative to provide the first gain for the DVGA and a second gain for the RF front-end unit based in part on the output data; and a serial control interface operative to provide the second gain to the RF front-end unit.
8. The receiver unit of claim 7, wherein the control interface is further operative to provide a DC offset control value to the RF front-end unit.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising detecting a DC offset value in the downconverted signal.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the correcting for DC offset samples includes removing at least a portion of the detected DC offset value from the desired signal prior to digitizing.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the correcting for DC offset samples includes removing at least a portion of the detected DC offset value from the desired subsequent to digitizing.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein the DC offset value is detected in the digitized samples.
13. The receiver unit of claim 6, wherein the control interface is a bus interface.
14. The receiver unit of claim 13, wherein the bus interface is a Serial Bus Interface (SBI) unit.
15. The receiver unit of claim 6, wherein the control interface comprises dedicated control signals.
16. The receiver unit of claim 7, wherein the control interface is a bus interface.
17. The receiver unit of claim 16, wherein the bus interface is a Serial Bus Interface (SBI) unit.
18. The receiver unit of claim 7, wherein the control interface comprises dedicated control signals.
19. A method of processing a received signal in a wireless communication system, comprising:

amplifying a received signal with a first variable gain;

cancelling a DC offset in the amplified received signal;

digitally amplifying with a second variable gain the DC offset cancelled signal;

measuring the digitally amplified signal; and determining the first and second variable gains in response to the digitally amplified signal measurements.
20. An apparatus comprising:

analog means for amplifying a received signal with a first variable gain;

means for cancelling a DC offset coupled to the analog amplifying means;

digital means for amplifying with a second variable gain coupled to an output of the DC offset cancelling means;

means for measuring a signal output from the digital amplification means and to control the first and second variable gains; and means operative to provide the second gain to the analog amplification means.
21. A method comprising:

amplifying with a second gain, downconverting and digitizing a received signal to provide samples;

cancelling a DC offset in the samples;
digitally amplifying the DC offset cancelled samples with a first gain to provide output data;

determining the first gain and a second gain, based in part on the output data, such that the output data have a desired signal amplitude; and providing the second gain to the amplifying, downconverting and digitizing means.
22. An apparatus comprising:

means for amplifying, downconverting and digitizing a received signal to provide samples;

means for cancelling a DC offset in the samples;
means for digitally amplifying the DC offset cancelled samples with a first gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude;

means for determining the first gain and a second gain based in part on the output data; and means for providing the second gain to the amplifying, downconverting and digitizing means.
23. A method, comprising:

amplifying the desired signal with a first gain having a coarse resolution;

downconverting the amplified signal from radio frequency (RF) to baseband with a single frequency downconversion stage;

digitizing the downconverted signal to provide samples;

correcting for DC offset in the downconverted signal with a DC loop;

digitally amplifying the samples with a second gain having a fine resolution to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude.
24. An apparatus, comprising:

means for amplifying the desired signal with a first gain having a coarse resolution;

means for downconverting the amplified signal from radio frequency (RF) to baseband with a single frequency downconversion stage;

means for digitizing the downconverted signal to provide samples;

means for correcting for DC offset in the downconverted signal with a DC loop;

means for digitally amplifying the samples with a second gain having a fine resolution to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude.
25. A method comprising:

amplifying, downconverting at essentially constant gain, and digitizing a received signal to provide samples;
digitally amplifying the samples with a variable gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude; and determining the variable gain based in part on the output data.
26. An apparatus comprising:

means for amplifying, downconverting at essentially constant gain, and digitizing a received signal to provide samples;

means for digitally amplifying the samples with a variable gain to provide output data having a desired signal amplitude; and means for determining the variable gain based in part on the output data.
27. An RF module, adapted to operate with a baseband integrated circuit, the baseband integrated circuit comprising a digital variable gain amplifier amplifying according to a second gain value, an automatic gain control loop operative to provide a first gain value and the second gain value, the first and second gain values determined in accordance with a desired signal amplitude, the RF module comprising:

an analog variable gain amplifier having a signal input, a gain input, and a signal output, the signal input receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal and the gain input adapted to receive the first gain value; and a downconverter having an input coupled to the signal output of the variable gain amplifier, directly downconverting the downconverter input from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted output.
28. The RF module of claim 27, further comprising a DC
offset canceller coupled to the output of the downconverter.
29. The RF module of claim 27, further comprising an analog to digital converter coupled to the output of the downconverter.
30. A method, operable with a baseband integrated circuit, the baseband integrated circuit comprising a digital variable gain amplifier amplifying according to a second gain value, an automatic gain control loop operative to provide a first gain value and the second gain value, the first and second gain values determined in accordance with a desired signal amplitude, the method comprising:

amplifying a radio frequency (RF) signal according to the first gain value; and directly downconverting the amplified RF signal from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted output.
31. An apparatus, adapted to operate with a baseband integrated circuit, the baseband integrated circuit comprising a digital variable gain amplifier amplifying according to a second gain value, an automatic gain control loop operative to provide a first gain value and the second gain value, the first and second gain values determined in accordance with a desired signal amplitude, the apparatus comprising:

means for amplifying a radio frequency (RF) signal according to the first gain value; and means for directly downconverting the amplified RF
signal from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted output.
32. An RF module, adapted to operate with a baseband integrated circuit, the baseband integrated circuit comprising a digital variable gain amplifier amplifying according to a second gain value, and a gain controller adapted to measure the output from the digital variable gain amplifier and to generate a first gain value and the second gain value, the RF module comprising:

an analog variable gain amplifier having a signal input, a gain input, and a signal output, the signal input receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal and the gain input adapted to receive the first gain value; and a downconverter having an input coupled to the signal output of the variable gain amplifier, directly downconverting the downconverter input from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted output.
33. The RF module of claim 32, further comprising a DC
offset canceller coupled to the output of the downconverter.
34. The RF module of claim 32, further comprising an analog to digital converter coupled to the output of the downconverter.
35. A method, operable with a baseband integrated circuit, the baseband integrated circuit comprising a digital variable gain amplifier amplifying according to a second gain value, and a gain controller adapted to measure the output from the digital variable gain amplifier and to generate a first gain value and the second gain value, the method comprising:

amplifying a radio frequency (RF) signal according to the first gain value; and directly downconverting the amplified RF signal from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted output.
36. An apparatus, adapted to operate with a baseband integrated circuit, the baseband integrated circuit comprising a digital variable gain amplifier amplifying according to a second gain value, and a gain controller adapted to measure the output from the digital variable gain amplifier and to generate a first gain value and the second gain value, the apparatus comprising:

means for amplifying a radio frequency (RF) signal according to the first gain value; and means for directly downconverting the amplified RF

signal from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted output.
37. A baseband integrated circuit, adapted to operate with an RF module, the RF module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter directly downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted signal, the apparatus comprising:

a digital variable gain amplifier having an amplifier input adapted to couple with the downconverted signal, a gain input receiving a second gain value, and an amplifier output; and an automatic gain control loop operative to provide the first gain value and the second gain value to produce the digital variable gain amplifier output at a desired signal amplitude.
38. The baseband integrated circuit of claim 37, further comprising a DC offset canceller coupled to the input of the digital variable gain amplifier.
39. The baseband integrated circuit of claim 37, further comprising an analog to digital converter coupled to the input of the digital variable gain amplifier.
40. A method, operable with an RF module, the RF
module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter directly downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted signal, the method comprising:

digitally amplifying the downconverted signal in accordance with a second gain value to produce a digitally amplified output; and providing the first gain value and the second gain value with an automatic gain control loop to produce the digitally amplified output at a desired signal amplitude.
41. An apparatus, adapted to operate with an RF
module, the RF module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter directly downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted signal, the apparatus comprising:

means for digitally amplifying the downconverted signal in accordance with a second gain value to produce a digitally amplified output; and means for providing the first gain value and the second gain value with an automatic gain control loop to produce the digitally amplified output at a desired signal amplitude.
42. A baseband integrated circuit, adapted to operate with an RF module, the RF module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter directly downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted signal, the apparatus comprising:

a digital variable gain amplifier having an amplifier input adapted to couple with the downconverted signal, a gain input receiving a second gain value, and an amplifier output; and a gain controller adapted to measure the amplifier output from the digital variable gain amplifier and to generate the first and second gain values.
43. The baseband integrated circuit of claim 37, further comprising a DC offset canceller coupled to the input of the digital variable gain amplifier.
44. The baseband integrated circuit of claim 37, further comprising an analog to digital converter coupled to the input of the digital variable gain amplifier.
45. A method, operable with an RF module, the RF
module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter directly downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted signal, the method comprising:

digitally amplifying the downconverted signal in accordance with a second gain value to produce a digitally amplified output;

measuring the digitally amplified output; and generating the first and second gain values.
46. An apparatus, adapted to operate with an RF
module, the RF module comprising an analog variable gain amplifier amplifying a received radio frequency (RF) signal according to a first gain value, the amplifier output coupled to a downconverter directly downconverting a downconverter input from RF to baseband to produce a downconverted signal, the apparatus comprising:

means for digitally amplifying the downconverted signal in accordance with a second gain value to produce a digitally amplified output;

measuring the digitally amplified output; and generating the first and second gain values.
CA2723058A 2001-02-16 2002-02-15 Direct conversion receiver architecture Expired - Fee Related CA2723058C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26962301P 2001-02-16 2001-02-16
US60/269,623 2001-02-16
US10/034,734 2001-12-21
US10/034,734 US7076225B2 (en) 2001-02-16 2001-12-21 Variable gain selection in direct conversion receiver
CA2438333A CA2438333C (en) 2001-02-16 2002-02-15 Direct conversion receiver architecture

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2438333A Division CA2438333C (en) 2001-02-16 2002-02-15 Direct conversion receiver architecture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2723058A1 true CA2723058A1 (en) 2002-08-29
CA2723058C CA2723058C (en) 2012-12-11

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CA2723046A Expired - Fee Related CA2723046C (en) 2001-02-16 2002-02-15 Direct conversion receiver architecture
CA2723058A Expired - Fee Related CA2723058C (en) 2001-02-16 2002-02-15 Direct conversion receiver architecture

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CA2723046A Expired - Fee Related CA2723046C (en) 2001-02-16 2002-02-15 Direct conversion receiver architecture

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US (5) US7076225B2 (en)
EP (7) EP2267890A3 (en)
JP (6) JP2005507568A (en)
KR (6) KR100940613B1 (en)
CN (3) CN101102096B (en)
AT (1) ATE510351T1 (en)
AU (4) AU2002244049B8 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0207274B1 (en)
CA (3) CA2438333C (en)
HK (1) HK1066644A1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA03007359A (en)
RU (3) RU2379825C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2002067420A2 (en)

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